When Madison became President, he sought to honor L’Enfant by offering
him the professorship of engineering at West Point, but again the
artistic foreigner declined to accept anything at the hands of the
people who, he felt, had failed to appreciate the supreme effort of his
genius. His final years he spent as a pensioner at the manor houses of
the Digges family in Maryland. He died in the home of Dudley Digges in
1824, and was buried in the garden of the Chellum Castle Manor near
Bladensburg, where to-day his grave is marked only by a cedar tree.
Inasmuch as the great projects of L’Enfant are receiving to this day
the attention of the Government, it would not be inappropriate, in the
centennial year of Washington’s existence, to give his remains fitting
and affectionate sepulture in the city he designed.
The Commissioners, at a meeting held in Georgetown, September 8, 1791,
decided to call the Federal district, “Territory of Columbia,” and the
Federal city, the “City of Washington.” At this same meeting the method
of designating the streets by letters and numbers was adopted. The
name of the city has remained unchanged, but the name of the territory
was afterwards changed by Congress to the “District of Columbia.”
For a short time after the city was plotted, Washington enjoyed its
first real-estate boom, although that word was not then known. The
lots sold more readily abroad than at home, and for a time brought
extravagant prices in London. However, comparatively few seem to have
been disposed of, and the meagre return from sales was most unfortunate
because the money was badly needed to pay for the first public
buildings. Finally, the President made a personal appeal to Maryland,
which lent $100,000, not, however, without first securing the personal
bond of the Commissioners.
The Capitol was planned by Dr. William Thornton, an Englishman, who
seems to have been a man of some natural talent, but unskilled in
architecture. Stephen L. Hallett, a professional house-builder, also
submitted specifications for the building, and there is good reason to
suppose that Thornton’s plans, as finally accepted, were considerably
affected by Hallett’s more practical drawings.
When the corner-stone of the Capitol was ready to be laid, great
preparations were made for the event. Companies of militia and
artillery were called out, and civic societies, public officials and
many distinguished citizens were invited. With appropriate ceremonies
of the military and of the Masonic order, the President deposited in
the corner-stone, together with corn, wine, and oil, a silver plate
bearing this inscription, which the Commissioners first ordered to be
read aloud:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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