History of Roman Literature from its Earliest Period to the Augustan Age. Vol. IDunlop, John Colin
History
History of Roman Literature from its Earliest Period to the Augustan Age. Vol. I
Dunlop, John Colin
Latin literature -- History and criticism
A metrical chronicle, which chiefly related the events of the first Punic
war, was another, and probably the last work of Nævius, since Cicero says,
that in writing it he filled up the leisure of his latter days with
wonderful complacency and satisfaction(137). It was originally undivided;
but, after his death, was separated into seven books(138).—Although the
first Punic war was the principal subject, as appears from its
announcement,
“Qui terräi Latiäi hemones tuserunt
Vires fraudesque Poinicas fabor;”
yet it also afforded a rapid sketch of the preceding incidents of Roman
history. It commenced with the flight of Æneas from Carthage, in a ship
built by Mercury(139); and the early wars of the Romans were detailed in
the first and second books. To judge by the fragments which remain, the
whole work appears to have been full of mythological machinery. Macrobius
informs us, that some lines of this production described the Romans tost
by a tempest, and represented Venus complaining of the hardships which
they suffered to Jupiter, who consoles her by a prospect of their future
glory—a passage which probably suggested those verses in the first book of
the Æneid, where Venus, in like manner, complains to Jupiter of the danger
experienced by her son in a storm, and the god consoles her by assurances
of his ultimate prosperity(140). Cicero mentions, that Ennius, too, though
he classes Nævius among the fauns and rustic bards, had borrowed, or, if
he refused to acknowledge his obligations, had pilfered, many ornaments
from his predecessor(141). In the same passage, Cicero, while he admits
that Ennius was the more elegant and correct writer, bears testimony to
the merit of the older bard, and declares, that the Punic war of this
antiquated poet afforded him a pleasure as exquisite as the finest statue
that was ever formed by Myron. To judge, however, from the lines which
remain, though in general too much broken to enable us even to divine
their meaning, the style of Nævius in this work was more rugged and remote
from modern Latin than that of his own plays and satires, or the dramas of
Livius Andronicus.
The whole, too, is written in the rough, unmodulated, Saturnian verse—a
sort of irregular iambics, said to have been originally employed by Faunus
and the prophets, who delivered their oracles in this measure. To such
rude and unpolished verses Ennius alludes in a fragment of his Annals,
while explaining his reasons for not treating of the first Punic war—
—— “Scripsere alii rem
Versibus, quos olim Fauni, vatesque canebant;
Cum neque Musarum scopulos quisquam superarat,
Nec dicti studiosus erat.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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