History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire — Volume 4Gibbon, Edward
History
History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire — Volume 4
Gibbon, Edward
Byzantine Empire -- History -- To 527; Rome -- History -- Empire, 30 B.C.-476 A.D.
In the most abject state of her fortune, and reputation, some
vision, either of sleep or of fancy, had whispered to Theodora
the pleasing assurance that she was destined to become the spouse
of a potent monarch. Conscious of her approaching greatness, she
returned from Paphlagonia to Constantinople; assumed, like a
skilful actress, a more decent character; relieved her poverty by
the laudable industry of spinning wool; and affected a life of
chastity and solitude in a small house, which she afterwards
changed into a magnificent temple. 27 Her beauty, assisted by art
or accident, soon attracted, captivated, and fixed, the patrician
Justinian, who already reigned with absolute sway under the name
of his uncle. Perhaps she contrived to enhance the value of a
gift which she had so often lavished on the meanest of mankind;
perhaps she inflamed, at first by modest delays, and at last by
sensual allurements, the desires of a lover, who, from nature or
devotion, was addicted to long vigils and abstemious diet. When
his first transports had subsided, she still maintained the same
ascendant over his mind, by the more solid merit of temper and
understanding. Justinian delighted to ennoble and enrich the
object of his affection; the treasures of the East were poured at
her feet, and the nephew of Justin was determined, perhaps by
religious scruples, to bestow on his concubine the sacred and
legal character of a wife. But the laws of Rome expressly
prohibited the marriage of a senator with any female who had been
dishonored by a servile origin or theatrical profession: the
empress Lupicina, or Euphemia, a Barbarian of rustic manners, but
of irreproachable virtue, refused to accept a prostitute for her
niece; and even Vigilantia, the superstitious mother of
Justinian, though she acknowledged the wit and beauty of
Theodora, was seriously apprehensive, lest the levity and
arrogance of that artful paramour might corrupt the piety and
happiness of her son. These obstacles were removed by the
inflexible constancy of Justinian. He patiently expected the
death of the empress; he despised the tears of his mother, who
soon sunk under the weight of her affliction; and a law was
promulgated in the name of the emperor Justin, which abolished
the rigid jurisprudence of antiquity. A glorious repentance (the
words of the edict) was left open for the unhappy females who had
prostituted their persons on the theatre, and they were permitted
to contract a legal union with the most illustrious of the
Romans. 28 This indulgence was speedily followed by the solemn
nuptials of Justinian and Theodora; her dignity was gradually
exalted with that of her lover, and, as soon as Justin had
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