The government of the United States entertained such views of the grasping policy of England for reasons which are clearly set forth in an able despatch from Mr. Calhoun to Mr. King, our envoy at the court of France. "The question," says the secretary of state, "is, by what means can Great Britain regain and keep a superiority in tropical cultivation, commerce and influence? Or shall that be abandoned and other nations, suffered to acquire the supremacy even to the extent of supplying British markets to the destruction of the capital already vested in their production? These are the questions which now profoundly occupy the attention of her statesmen and have the greatest influence over her councils. "In order to regain her superiority she not only seeks to revive and increase her own capacity to produce tropical productions, but to diminish and destroy the capacity of those who have so far outstripped her in consequence of her error. In pursuit of the former, she has cast her eyes to her East India possessions, to Central and Eastern Africa, with the view of establishing colonies there, and even to restore, substantially, the slave trade itself, under the specious name of transporting free laborers from Africa to her West India possessions, in order, if possible, to compete successfully with those who have refused to follow her suicidal policy. Her main reliance, however, is on the other alternative, to cripple or destroy the productions of her successful rivals. There is but one way by which it can be done, and that is by abolishing African slavery throughout this continent; and that she avows to be the constant object of her policy and exertions." Senate doc. No. 1, 28th cong. 1st sess. p. 44. [52] President Tyler's message to the senate. 22nd April, 1844. [53] Letter of President Tyler to the Richmond Enquirer in 1847. [54] President Jackson's letter 17th March, 1844, written in consequence of a private mission to him from President Houston of Texas. CHAPTER V. Change of public feeling as to annexation--Election of President Polk --Mr. Clay defeated by the abolitionists--Almonté's threat-- President Tyler attempts to soothe Mexico--His failure to do so --Mexican projects of reconquest--Want of confidence in Santa Anna--Loans--Downfall and disgrace of Santa Anna--His expulsion to Cuba--Herrera made provisional president--Congress of United States reconsiders annexation--Joint resolution passed with an alternative of negotiation--President Tyler adopts the first clause, and why-- European intrigues--France and England operating on Texas and Mexico --Mexico offers independence provided Texas will not annex herself to the United States--Defeat of the foreign scheme.