How to become an inventor : $b Containing experiments in photography, hydraulics, galvanism and electricity, magnetism, heat, and the wonders of the microscopeWarford, Aaron A.
Science
How to become an inventor : $b Containing experiments in photography, hydraulics, galvanism and electricity, magnetism, heat, and the wonders of the microscope
Warford, Aaron A.
Scientific recreations
A penknife with one blade kept scrupulously sharp is essential, and we
have found an old lancet of the greatest service. Lancets have gone
so much out of fashion, that the second-hand instrument shops abound
with them. We did not allow our own lancet to be shut up, but removed
the blade from the tortoise-shell handle, and fixed it upon a wooden
handle, about four inches in length, so that it looked very clumsy, but
was extremely useful.
Two pairs of scissors are needful,--one very fine and the other
moderately strong. Both pairs, however, must have very short blades
and very long handles, and the scissors such as ladies use are of very
little use, the short handles causing the fingers of the right hand to
shade the object. As to the fine pair, it is hardly possible to have
the handles too long or the blades too short; for if the points can be
separated a quarter of an inch, nothing more is needed. If a pair of
bent scissors can also be obtained, they are extremely pleasant to work
with, and save much trouble.
Pill-boxes of various sizes are of very great service to the
microscopist. We always have them arranged in “nests,” _i. e._, six or
seven inside each other, so that space is greatly economized, as long
as they are not in absolute use. All delicate objects should be placed
in separate boxes, and the predaceous insects must be treated in the
same manner, or they will certainly destroy one another, or, at all
events, inflict such injuries as will make them useless for microscopic
purposes.
When the insects are to be killed on the spot, we employ another and a
very simple plan.
We take one of the old-fashioned wooden lucifer-match boxes, bore a
hole in the lid, and push through the hole a swan-quill, or the barrel
of one of the swan-quill steel pens. A glass tube is still better, but
is too fragile. Beeswax is tightly worked into the junction of the tube
with the wood, so as to make it as nearly air-tight as possible. A cork
stopper is then cut to fit the tube. When this is finished, we take the
smallest-sized pill-box, bore a number of holes in it with a red-hot
needle, place a little piece of solid ammonia within it, and inclose it
in the lucifer-box. Its effects are almost instantaneous; for scarcely
has the insect touched the bottom of the box before it is helpless, and
in a very few moments it is quite dead, so powerful is ammonia towards
insects. The reader will of course understand that the pill-boxes
must never have been used for pills, and that the match-box must be
carefully cleaned before employing it in the microscopic service.
Moreover, any boxes that have been used for insects become useless,
inasmuch as the scales always fall from the wings, and cling to the
sides of the box, so as to mix with succeeding objects, and very much
puzzle the observer.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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