B Beech Fern, 10, 89 _Bennittiteæ_, 25 Black Maidenhair Spleenwort, 10, 73 Bladder Ferns, 10 _Blechnum boreale_, 84 _spicant_, 84 Blunt-topped Horsetail, 116 _Botrychium lunaria_, 11, 98 Bracken Fern, 3, 9, 29, 38 Bristle Fern, 8, 33, 131 Brittle Bladder Fern, 63 Buck’s Horn Plantain, 69 C _Calamites_, 28 _Calamus_, 28 Caudex, 4 _Ceterach officinarum_, 77 Classification of Ferns, 7 _et seq._ Club Mosses, 6, 12, 26, 101 Classification of, 32 Economic importance of, 32 Life histories of, 30 _et seq._ Number of species of, 30 Coal deposits, 25, 31 Common Adder’s Tongue, 96 Common Club Moss, 12, 19, 101 Common Polypody, 26 Common Rue, 71 Conifers, 27 Crested Buckler Fern, 53 _Cryptogamme crispus_, 9, 44 Cryptogams, 2 _Cyatheaceæ_, 11 Cycads, 25 _Cystopteris_, 10 _alpina_, 65 _fragilis_, 63 _montana_, 64 _regia_, 65 D _Davallia bullata_, 9 _Davalliaceæ_, 9 Druery, Mr. C. T., 91, 123 Dutch Rush, 32, 120 E Elaters, 21 Elba, 62 Embryo, 18 Endosperm, 27 English Maidenhair (_see_ Maidenhair Spleenwort) Equisetites, 28 _Equisetum_, 112 _et seq._ _arvense_, 114 _fluvialis_, 116 _hyemale_, 32, 120 _limosum_, 118 _maximum_, 114 _palustre_, 118 _pratense_, 116 _sylvaticum_, 117 _telmateia_, 114 _umbrosum_, 116 _variegatum_, 119 F Female organs (_see_ Archegonia) Fern cases, 130 Ferns, classification of, 7 _et seq._ Collecting and preserving, 122 _et seq._ Comparative sizes of, 29 Cultivation of, 129 _et seq._ Economic importance of, 31 General characteristics of, 4 _et seq._ Grown from spores, 131 Habitats of, 29, 128 In greenhouses, 130 Life histories of, 13 _et seq._ Ferns, number of genera and species, 28 Reproduction of, 13 _et seq._ Sometimes difficult to identify, 128 Where to find, 127 Fertilization of Ferns, 17 _et seq._ Field Horsetail, 112 _Filices_, 8 Filmy Ferns, 2, 8, 33, 131 Fir Club Moss, 19, 103 Flowering Fern (_see_ Royal Fern) Flowering Plants, probable origin of, 26 Forked Spleenwort, 68 Fossil botany, 23 _et seq._ Fronds, 4 _et seq._ G _Gleicheniaceæ_, 11 Gold and Silver Ferns, 10 _Grammitideæ_, 10 Great Horsetail, 114 Green Spleenwort, 80 _Gymmogramma leptophylla_, 10, 100 Gymnosperm, 27 _Gymnospermæ_, 27