How to Study ArchitectureCaffin, Charles H. (Charles Henry)
History
How to Study Architecture
Caffin, Charles H. (Charles Henry)
Architecture -- History
However this may be, the tomb carving shows between the heads, the ends
of the beams that support the cornice and roof. As these are not found
in the case of the columns at Persepolis, it appears that the roofs of
the palaces were constructed of wood, which perished in the fire of
Alexander. It has been remarked that the character of this whole
portico, taken in connection with the wooden columns at Pasagardae,
suggests that the style of Persian palace architecture was derived
originally from a primitive wooden construction. But, while this may be
true, its development into stone construction was not affected by the
Persians themselves. They employed Asiatic-Greek workmen whose style of
temple-building, like that of the Mainland-Greeks, shows the traces of
primitive wood construction.
Before leaving this tomb, there is one other feature to be noticed;
namely, that the lintel of the doorway is surmounted by a
cavetto-cornice, decorated with rows of conventionalised lotus-petals,
derived through Lycia, from Egypt.
The restored plan of the platform of palaces at Persepolis exhibits a
monumental approach on the west side, formed of a double flight of
marble steps, set in double ramp. The steps are 22 feet wide, with a
rise of 4 inches and a tread of 15, so that they could easily be mounted
by horses. The stairs led to a terrace, paved, as was the whole
platform, with marble, in the centre of which was the entrance gate, or,
to use the later classic term, a Propylæa. This was square in plan, with
a portal, front and rear, flanked by winged bulls, while the ceiling was
supported by four columns. Its walls, like those of the other buildings,
built of sun-dried bricks or _rubble_ masonry, set with clay mortar,
have long since crumbled into ruins.
The earliest palace of the group is that of Darius I, to the portico of
which we have already alluded. Its plan shows a room, right and left of
the portico, in which may have been stairs leading to the roof; then a
square hypostyle hall of sixteen columns, set in rows of four, with
various chambers, along the sides and at the end.
In one building, the =Hall of a Hundred Columns=, the roof was carried by
ten ranges of ten columns; for the hall, as indeed were all the halls at
Persepolis, was square in plan. This can scarcely have been a mere
coincidence. Is it fanciful to imagine that a people, trained in
Zoroastrianism, found in the principle of the square a fitting symbol of
“Creative Strength” and “Right Order”?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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