More remarkable is his attempted reconciliation of science and the
Mosaic cosmogony. Chalmers had regarded the Biblical account as
relating only to existing creations, and believed in the existence of a
chaotic period of death and darkness between this present world and the
prior geological ages. Pye Smith, on the other hand, had regarded chaos
as both temporary and limited in extent, and believed that outside this
area there had existed lands and seas basking in light and occupied by
animals. But subsequent geological knowledge had shown that this theory
of cataclysms and breaks was without evidence--many of the present
plants and animals co-existing with those of the former periods; nor
could Smith's theory of light existing round the coasts of the earth be
brought to square with the distinct statement of the primal creation of
light in Genesis. On the other hand, Miller notices that geology, as
dealing not with the nature of things, but only with their actual
manifestations, has to do with but three of the six days or periods.
The scale of all geologists is divided into three great classes. Lesser
divisions of systems, deposits, beds, and strata may exist; but the
master divisions, as he calls them, are simply those three which even
the unpractised eye can detect--the Palæozoic, the Secondary, and the
Tertiary. The first is the period of extraordinary fauna and flora--the
period emphatically of forests and huge pines, 'the herb yielding seed
after its kind, and tree bearing fruit.' The second is the age of
monsters, reptiles, pterodactyls and ichthyosaurs, 'the fowl that
flieth above the earth, the great sea-monsters and winged fowl after
its kind.' The Tertiary period is that of 'the beasts of the earth and
the cattle after their kind.' In each age, it is true, there is a
twilight period, a period of morning-dawn and evening-decline; but in
the middle of each period it is that we find the great outstanding
features above. Thus there would be no contradictions in the record.
This, it must be allowed, summarises truly enough the process of
creation; but it leaves out of sight the invertebrata and early fishes
of the first period, and regards the succeeding carboniferous era as
the leading features, while perhaps in some subordinate details it
inverts the order of other appearances.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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