The Pope was of a most kind nature, and particularly to his kindred; amongst whom, while he was Cardinal, he was wont to spend all his Revenue; but his greatest passion was for _Scipion Carafelli_, his Sisters son, whom he had brought up from a child; and him he made Cardinal, as soon as he was made Pope himself, giving him the name of Cardinal _Borghese_; by which name he was ordinarily called, and did subscribe himself. This Cardinal, was the interpreter of his Uncles mind, the Mediator of his favours, and the Coadjutor in all weighty matters of the State and Church: They that expected any kindnesses from the Pope, were not to purchase them any other way, then by the means of him, who commanded and governed the Pope and all things. The Pope, desiring to follow his Predecessours steps, and employ his private riches to the publick ornament of the City, took care to provide his Ecclesiastical Nephews of Benefices and Church lands; and his secular Kinsmen of Places and Dignities, as they became vacant. The plenty, into which this Pope brought his Family, was such, that they themselves did scarce know how to dispose of it, there flowing in upon them, every day, vast sums of money from all parts of the world, to procure, by their means, the Popes favour: Whereupon they, seeing no end of their riches, began, out of a complacence to the Popes humour (who delighted in the ornament of the City) to build certain publick Edifices, so noble and stately, that the King of _France_, who hath a Kingdom so rich, and powerful, and hereditary, would scarce have undertaken the like, at the expence of his whole Kingdom. The Cardinal begun the Fabrick of that _Palazzo Borghese_, in the _Campo Martio_, which is not yet ended; and to perfect it, according to the first design, it would require the value of half the Churches Territories; nay, it is said, that in the foundation alone, were spent above two hundred thousand Crowns, for they were fain to demolish great numbers of houses, and level hills, before they could bring the ground to that true evenness, which the design required. The Popes brothers began two Country houses of pleasure at the same time, one hard by _Rome_, and a little without the _Porta Ponciana_; the other at _Frascati_, in the little hills called _Mendragone_: and we may easily conclude what treasure was expended in these, by what the _Spanish_ Ambassadour said one day to a Gentleman of the Family of _Borghese_, who waited upon him thither; for the Gentleman having shewed one of these houses, asked his opinion of it? and had for answer these words, _My King would not have undertaken in such calamitous times as these are_, _so great a fabrick for his diversion in_ Madrid.