Illustrations of Shakspeare, and of Ancient Manners:: with Dissertations on the Clowns and Fools of Shakspeare; on a Collection of Popular Tales Entitled Gesta Romanorum; and on the English Morris dance. — John Shaqi
Illustrations of Shakspeare, and of Ancient Manners:: with Dissertations on the Clowns and Fools of Shakspeare; on a Collection of Popular Tales Entitled Gesta Romanorum; and on the English Morris dance.Douce, Francis
History
Illustrations of Shakspeare, and of Ancient Manners:: with Dissertations on the Clowns and Fools of Shakspeare; on a Collection of Popular Tales Entitled Gesta Romanorum; and on the English Morris dance.
Douce, Francis
Clowns -- England -- History -- 16th century; Clowns in literature; Exempla in literature; Fools and jesters -- England -- History -- 16th century; Fools and jesters in literature; Gesta Romanorum; Manners and customs in literature; Morris dance; Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Characters -- Clow
Lilly's comedy of _Mother Bombie_ is well known. The several
occupations of these impostors are thus described in the above play by
Heywood: "Let me see how many trades have I to live by: First, I am _a
wise-woman_, and a fortuneteller, and under that I deale in physicke
and forespeaking, in palmistry, and recovering of things lost. Next,
I undertake to cure madd folkes. Then I keepe gentlewomen lodgers, to
furnish such chambers as I let out by the night: Then I am provided for
bringing young wenches to bed; and, for a need, you see I can play the
match-maker. Shee that is but one, and professeth so many, may well be
tearmed _a wise-woman_, if there bee any." Such another character was
_Julian of Brentford_, mentioned in the _Merry wives of Windsor_. These
persons were sometimes called _cunning_ and _looming_ women.
SCENE 4. Page 121.
SIR TO. Come, we'll have him in a _dark room_, and bound. My niece
is already in the belief that he is _mad_.
The reason for putting Malvolio into a _dark room_ was to make _him_
believe that he was _mad_; for a _madhouse_ seems formerly to have
been called a _dark-house_. In the next act Malvolio says, "Good Sir
Topas, do not think I am _mad_, they have laid me here in _hideous
darkness_." And again, "I say this _house is dark_." In Act V. he asks,
"Why have you suffer'd me to be imprison'd, kept in _a dark-house_?"
In _As you like it_, Act III. Scene 1, Rosalind says that "love is a
_madness_, and deserves as well _a dark-house_ and a whip, as madmen
do." Edward Blount, in the second dedication to his _Hospitall of
incurable fooles_, 1600, 4to, a translation from the Italian, requests
of the person whom he addresses to take on him the office of patron
or treasurer to the hospital; and that if any desperate censurer shall
stab him for assigning his office or place, he presently take him into
_the dark ward_: and in the same work, certain idle fools are consigned
to the _darksome guesthouse of their madness_.
SCENE 4. Page 124.
OLI. I have said too much unto a heart of stone, and laid mine
honour too unchary _on't_.
This is the reading of the old copy, which has been unnecessarily
disturbed at Theobald's suggestion by substituting _out_. It might be
urged that _laying honour out_ is but an awkward phrase. The old text
simply means, I have _placed_ my honour too incautiously _upon_ a heart
of stone. The preceding note had shown that adjectives are often used
adverbially by Shakspeare.
SCENE 4. Page 127.
SIR TO. He is a knight, dubb'd with _unhack'd rapier_, and on
_carpet_ consideration.
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