[36] Emma is the Chinese and Japanese Yama,—in Buddhism the Lord of Hell, and the Judge of the Dead. The proverb is best explained by the accompanying drawings, which will serve to give an idea of the commoner representations of both divinities. [Illustration: Jizō] [Illustration: Emma Dai-ō] 42.—_Kiité Gokuraku, mité Jigoku._ Heard of only, it is Paradise; seen, it is Hell.[37] [37] Rumor is never trustworthy. 43.—_Kōji mon wo idézu: akuji sen ni wo hashiru._ Good actions go not outside of the gate: bad deeds travel a thousand _ri_. 44.—_Kokoro no koma ni tadzuna wo yuru-suna._ Never let go the reins of the wild colt of the heart. 45.—_Kokoro no oni ga mi wo séméru._ The body is tortured only by the demon of the heart.[38] [38] Or “mind.” That is to say that we suffer only from the consequences of our own faults.—The demon-torturer in the Buddhist hell says to his victim:—“Blame not me!—I am only the creation of your own deeds and thoughts: you made me for this!”—Compare with No. 36. 46.—_Kokoro no shi to wa naré; kokoro wo shi to sezaré._ Be the teacher of your heart: do not allow your heart to become your teacher. 47.—_Kono yo wa kari no yado._ This world is only a resting-place.[39] [39] “This world is but a travellers’ inn,” would be an almost equally correct translation. _Yado_ literally means a lodging, shelter, inn; and the word is applied often to those wayside resting-houses at which Japanese travellers halt during a journey. _Kari_ signifies temporary, transient, fleeting,—as in the common Buddhist saying, _Kono yo kari no yo:_ “This world is a fleeting world.” Even Heaven and Hell represent to the Buddhist only halting places upon the journey to Nirvâna. 48.—_Kori wo chiribamé; midzu ni égaku._ To inlay ice; to paint upon water.[40] [40] Refers to the vanity of selfish effort for some merely temporary end. 49.—_Korokoro to Naku wa yamada no Hototogisu, Chichi nitéya aran, Haha nitéya aran._ The bird that cries _korokoro_ in the mountain rice-field I know to be a _hototogisu;_—yet it may have been my father; it may have been my mother.[41] [41] This verse-proverb is cited in the Buddhist work _Wōjō Yōshū_, with the following comment:—“Who knows whether the animal in the field, or the bird in the mountain-wood, has not been either his father or his mother in some former state of existence?”—The _hototogisu_ is a kind of cuckoo. 50.—_Ko wa Sangai no kubikase._ A child is a neck-shackle for the Three States of Existence.[42]