Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pa.Riley, Edward M.
History
Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pa.
Riley, Edward M.
Independence National Historical Park (Philadelphia, Pa.)
NO. 11. FRANKLIN COURT (site of Benjamin Franklin’s home), on Orianna
Street, south of Market Street. In this court, entered through a
picturesque archway on Market Street, stood the imposing brick house of
Benjamin Franklin from 1765 to 1812. Until 1785, Franklin lived in the
house for only a year, since he served as Provincial agent in England
from 1764 to 1775 and as a Commissioner to France from 1776 to 1785. In
1776, however, he served on the committee named by the Continental
Congress to draft the Declaration of Independence. Franklin had an
important part in the successful negotiation of the Treaty of Alliance
between France and the United States, in 1778, which was largely
responsible for the success of the Revolution. Upon his return to
Philadelphia, he was elected President of Pennsylvania, and, in 1787, he
was a delegate to the Federal Constitutional Convention. After a long
and worthy life, Benjamin Franklin died in his home on April 17, 1790,
at the age of 84. The house was demolished about 20 years after his
death.
NOS. 12 AND 13. CHRIST CHURCH, on west side of Second Street, north of
Market Street, and CEMETERY, at Fifth and Arch Streets. Founded in 1695
and built between 1727 and 1754, Christ Church, one of the most famous
churches in America, had in its congregation many leading figures of the
Revolution, including Washington, Franklin, Robert Morris, and Francis
Hopkinson. Architecturally, the building, with its 200-foot steeple, is
a monument to colonial craftsmanship—one of the largest and most
beautiful structures in 18th-century America. Ecclesiastically, Christ
Church is famous as the scene of the post-Revolutionary organization of
the Episcopal Church. Its rector, William White, was the first Bishop of
Pennsylvania and the second American prelate. Seven signers of the
Declaration of Independence, as well as four signers of the
Constitution, are buried at the church and in the cemetery. Franklin’s
grave is at the corner of Fifth and Arch Streets. The preservation of
the church is assured by a cooperative agreement made in 1950 between
the Department of the Interior and the Corporation of Christ Church. The
church and grounds are open to the public from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m.
[Illustration: {Christ Church and Cemetery}]
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