LXXIII. Declaration of the Allies on entering France—Switzerland—Schwartzenberg {ix}crosses the Rhine—Apathy of the French—Junction of Blucher with the Grand Army—Crown-Prince of Sweden—Inferiority of Napoleon's numerical Force—Battles of Brienne—and La Rothière—Difficulties of Buonaparte, during which he meditates to resign the Crown—He makes a successful Attack on the Silesian Army at Champ-Aubert—Blucher is compelled to retreat—The Grand Army carries Nogent and Montereau—Buonaparte's violence to his Generals—The Austrians resolve on a general Retreat, as far as Nancy and Langres—Prince Wenceslaus sent to Buonaparte's headquarters—The French enter Troyes—Execution of Goualt, a Royalist—A Decree of Death against all wearing the Bourbon emblems, and all Emigrants who should join the Allies, 333 Chap. LXXIV. Retrospect of Events on the Frontiers—Defection of Murat—Its consequences—Augereau abandons Franche Comté—Carnot intrusted with the command of Antwerp—Attack on Bergen-op-Zoom, by Sir Thomas Graham—The Allies take, and evacuate Soissons—Bulow and Winzegerode unite with Blucher—Wellington forces his way through the Pays des Gaves—Royalists in the West—Discontent of the old Republicans—Views of the different Members of the Alliance as to the Dynasties of Bourbon, and Napoleon—Proceedings of the Dukes of Berri and Angoulême, and Monsieur—Battle of Orthez—Bourdeaux surrendered to Marshal Beresford—Negotiations of Chatillon—Treaty of Chaumont—Napoleon's contre-projet—Congress at Chatillon broken up, 353 APPENDIX No. I. Reflections on the Conduct of Napoleon towards the Prince-Royal of Sweden, 373 No. II. Extract from Manuscript Observations on Napoleon's Russian Campaign, by an English Officer of Rank, 378 HISTORY OF THE EXPEDITION TO RUSSIA UNDERTAKEN BY THE EMPEROR NAPOLEON, IN 1812 By General, Count Philip De Segur IN TWO VOLUMES Volume One Volume Two WITH A MAP AND SEVEN ENGRAVINGS. TABLE OF CONTENTS. VOLUME FIRST BOOK I. Chap. —Political relations of France and Russia since 1807 —Prussia.—Frederick William —Turkey.—Sultans Selim—Mustapha—Mahmoud —Sweden.—Bernadotte BOOK II. Chap. —Feelings of Napoleon's grandees at the approaching contest—their objections, with Napoleon's replies—real motives which urged him to the struggle —Arguments against the war by the Dukes of Frioul and Vicenza and the Count de Segur.—Napoleon's replies —His manner of gaining proselytes to his opinions—his avowals to his own family—his discussions with Cardinal Fesch—his declaration to Prince Kourakin —Circumstances inclining him to delay the contest—his proposals to England and to Russia—Russian ultimatum —Preparations for commencement—Talleyrand—opinions of the military—of Napoleon's ministers and generals—fresh obstacles to his departure BOOK III. Chap.