Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United StatesLauber, Almon Wheeler
History
Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United States
Lauber, Almon Wheeler
Indians of North America; Indians, Treatment of -- United States; Slavery -- United States; Thesis (Ph. D.)
In 1564, Laudonnière led an expedition to the region of Florida.
Desiring to penetrate into the interior and realizing that the
friendship of the Indians was necessary for such an attempt, he sought
to obtain from an Indian chief two of his prisoners, whom he proposed
to use in winning the friendship of another chief by presenting them
to him.[238] At first, the chief declined to give away the prisoners;
but, upon Laudonnière’s renewing his request, the chief yielded, the
prisoners were produced, and were taken back by the French to Fort
Carolina.[239]
Champlain desired to send to France some girls to have them
“instructed in the law of God and good manners.” An opportunity to
satisfy this desire came with the wish of the Montagnais to present
something to the French traveler. Three girls were given him, whom he
named Faith, Hope and Charity, and whom he had instructed in religion,
domestic work, etc.[240] Still other Indians were taken to France by
the expedition. One of the sagamores of the Montagnais gave his son to
M. du Pont for that purpose. Still another savage, an Iroquois woman,
the Frenchman begged of the tribe which was about to eat her.[241]
Other and similar instances of obtaining Indians are recorded for the
same general humanitarian and religious purpose.[242]
The Illinois gave Marquette and Jolliet an Indian slave boy, whom
Jolliet took with him when going to Quebec, and who was drowned on
the journey.[243] The Ottawa gave Marquette a young man,[244] and
a Kishkakon chief gave him “a little slave he had brought from the
Illinois a few months before.”[245] In the same manner, Indians
were given to La Salle and to his companion, Tonti, on their
expeditions.[246] In 1699, Father Anastasius accepted from the Indians
the gift of an Indian girl as a slave.[247] In 1703, M. de Saint Cosmé,
a missionary priest traveling from Canada to Natchez, possessed in his
party a young Indian slave boy.[248]
When Du Lhut was in Montreal in 1678, the savages gave him three
slaves.[249] At another time, 1684, the Indians wished to give him some
slaves as an atonement for their having murdered some Frenchmen.[250]
In 1700, the “Mantantons” (Mdewakanton), at a feast in his honor,
presented Le Sueur, among other gifts, with an Indian slave.[251] In
1719, La Harpe, on his journey northwest from Natchitoches, was given a
young Kansas slave by the chiefs of several nations gathered together.
One of the chiefs expressed his sorrow that he had but one slave to
give, and La Harpe, in his letter to Terrisse, regrets that he did not
arrive sooner, and by receiving them as slaves, prevent the seventeen
companions of his slave from being eaten.[252]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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