Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United StatesLauber, Almon Wheeler
History
Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United States
Lauber, Almon Wheeler
Indians of North America; Indians, Treatment of -- United States; Slavery -- United States; Thesis (Ph. D.)
From these statistics it will be seen that in Louisiana the negro
slaves far outnumbered the Indian slaves, and that the ratio of the
number of Indian slaves to the number of whites in the colony was very
small. A memoir concerning Natchitoches, 1720 or 1721, states that the
number of black slaves in that settlement was thirty-four, and the
number of Indian slaves, six (two men and four women).[296] A report
on the condition of Louisiana at large in 1744 declared that there
were very few Indian slaves in the colony, “because we are at peace
with all nations: these we have were taken in former wars, and we keep
them.”[297] Another account, in 1750, states that the inhabitants
of New Orleans consist of “French, Negroes, and some savages who
are slaves—all these together do not number ... more than 1,200
persons.”[298]
The smallness of the number of Indian slaves in Louisiana appears due
to several reasons: the generally friendly relations of the French and
the neighboring tribes; the absence of extensive agriculture at an
early date; the neglect of the colonial authorities to develop a trade
in savage slaves, like that of Carolina; and the rapid increase in the
importation of negro slaves by the time that occupations profitable for
slave labor were developed.
In the northern part of the Mississippi Valley, also, Indian slavery
began with the coming of the whites. Slavery at Vincennes and in the
country below the present site of Terre Haute, Indiana, was regulated
by the laws of Louisiana. That in the country to the north was
regulated by the customs of Canada. Indian slavery in Canada began
early. Record exists of Indian slaves in Montreal in 1670.[299] In
Louisiana the greater number of slaves were negroes; whereas in Canada
the larger portion were Indians.[300] In the early history of Vincennes
most of the slaves were Indians, for the inhabitants were more
extensively engaged in the Indian trade than in agricultural pursuits.
The same was true of the country about Detroit. Some of these Indians
went, of course, to Louisiana; but the larger portion went to Canada. A
report in 1750 shows that in the five French villages of the Illinois
country there were eleven hundred whites, three hundred blacks and
sixty Indian slaves.[301] Indian slavery, already giving way to negro
slavery, continued so to do after British occupation.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account