The method of _von Uslar_ and _Erdman_ differs from that of Stas merely in the substitution of amylic alcohol for ether, and of hydrochloric acid for oxalic or tartaric acid. It offers no advantages over Stas's method if the alkaloids present are soluble in ether but is even less advantageous in this case, inasmuch as its execution requires a longer time. In cases where the detection of morphine, or an unknown alkaloid, is desired, the use of amylic alcohol instead of ether is, it is true, preferable; still, with the exercise of care, ether can also be employed, and, as this process greatly facilitates examinations when no clew to the poison present exists and all alkaloids may possibly be absent, we prefer it to the one just described. RODGERS AND GIRDWOOD'S METHOD. This method--which as yet has only been employed in the detection of strychnine--is based upon the solubility of this alkaloid in chloroform. The substances under examination are digested with dilute hydrochloric acid, and the mixture filtered. The filtrate is then evaporated to dryness on the water-bath, the residue taken up with pure alcohol, the alcoholic solution evaporated, the second residue treated with water, and the solution so obtained filtered. The filtrate is next supersaturated with ammonia, and well shaken with chloroform, which, upon being separated by means of a pipette and evaporated, leaves the alkaloid in an impure state. Concentrated sulphuric acid is then poured upon the alkaloid: the latter is not affected by this treatment, whereas the foreign organic substances present are carbonized. After the lapse of several hours, the mixture is treated with water, the fluid filtered, and the strychnine extracted from the filtrate by means of ammonia and chloroform, as already described. The operation is repeated until the residue obtained by evaporating the chloroform is no longer affected by the treatment with sulphuric acid. PROLLIUS'S METHOD. The suspected substances are boiled with aqueous alcohol, mixed with tartaric acid, and evaporated at a gentle heat. The remaining aqueous solution is then passed through a moistened filter, ammonia added to the filtrate, and the mixture shaken with chloroform. The chloroform is separated, the last trace of the original solution removed by washing with water, three parts of alcohol added, and the fluid evaporated. If strychnine be present, it will now separate out in crystals. This method is applicable only in presence of a considerable quantity of strychnine, and is less serviceable than the one preceding. GRAHAM AND HOFMAN'S METHOD.