Liberty in the modern stateLaski, Harold J. (Harold Joseph)
Science
Liberty in the modern state
Laski, Harold J. (Harold Joseph)
Liberty; Political science
Implied in all this is a view of the place of voluntary associations
in the community the significance of which I do not wish to minimize.
I am, in fact, denying that they owe their existence to the state, or
that the latter is entitled, by means of its agents, to prescribe the
terms upon which they can live. The special place of the state in the
great society does not, in my judgment, give it an unlimited right
to effect that co-ordination which is its function on any terms it
pleases. The principles of a legitimate co-ordination bind the state
as much as they bind any other body of men. Each of us finds himself
part of a vast organization in the midst of which we must seek the
realization of desire. We cannot attain it alone. We have to find
others with kindred desires who will join hands with us to proclaim the
urgency of their realization. There is no other way to the attainment
of that end; and an attitude, therefore, like that of Rousseau, who
denied the legitimacy of any voluntary associations, fails altogether
to take account of the elementary facts of social life. Such bodies,
indeed, must run in the leading-strings of principle, but the question
of what that principle must be is not one the state alone is entitled
to make. For the latter is not justified in preventing the expression
of desire; it is justified only in preventing the realization of desire
by violent means. It must tolerate the expression of experience it
hates because it is there, as a state, to satisfy even the experience
it cannot understand. We must not, in fact, allow ourselves to fall
into the error of believing that opinion which is antagonistic to the
state-purpose is unworthy to survive. The state-purpose, like any
other, is expressed through the agency of men. They may misinterpret
it; they may, consciously or unconsciously, pervert it to their own
ends. To leave them free to settle the limits of free association would
be to leave them free to settle what criticism of their work they were
prepared to permit. That is a power which could not safely be entrusted
to any body of men who have ever operated as a government.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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