Life and Letters of Charles Darwin — Volume 2Darwin, Charles
Science
Life and Letters of Charles Darwin — Volume 2
Darwin, Charles
Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882; Naturalists -- Great Britain -- Biography; Naturalists -- Great Britain -- Correspondence
... As the 'Origin' now stands, Harvey's (William Henry Harvey was
descended from a Quaker family of Youghal, and was born in February,
1811, at Summerville, a country house on the banks of the Shannon. He
died at Torquay in 1866. In 1835, Harvey went to Africa (Table Bay) to
pursue his botanical studies, the results of which were given in his
'Genera of South African Plants.' In 1838, ill-health compelled him to
obtain leave of absence, and return to England for a time; in 1840 he
returned to Cape Town, to be again compelled by illness to leave. In
1843 he obtained the appointment of Botanical Professor at Trinity
College, Dublin. In 1854, 1855, and 1856 he visited Australia, New
Zealand, the Friendly and Fiji Islands. In 1857 Dr. Harvey reached home,
and was appointed the successor of Professor Allman to the Chair of
Botany in Dublin University. He was author of several botanical works,
principally on Algae.--(From a Memoir published in 1869.)) is a good
hit against my talking so much of the insensibly fine gradations; and
certainly it has astonished me that I should be pelted with the fact,
that I had not allowed abrupt and great enough variations under nature.
It would take a good deal more evidence to make me admit that forms have
often changed by saltum.
Have you seen Wollaston's attack in the 'Annals'? ('Annals and Magazine
of Natural History,' 1860.) The stones are beginning to fly. But
Theology has more to do with these two attacks than Science...
[In the above letter a paper by Harvey in the "Gardeners' Chronicle",
February 18, 1860, is alluded to. He describes a case of monstrosity
in Begonia frigida, in which the "sport" differed so much from a normal
Begonia that it might have served as the type of a distinct natural
order. Harvey goes on to argue that such a case is hostile to the theory
of natural selection, according to which changes are not supposed to
take place per saltum, and adds that "a few such cases would overthrow
it [Mr. Darwin's hypothesis] altogether." In the following number of
the "Gardeners' Chronicle" Sir J.D. Hooker showed that Dr. Harvey had
misconceived the bearing of the Begonia case, which he further showed
to be by no means calculated to shake the validity of the doctrine
of modification by means of natural selection. My father mentions the
Begonia case in a letter to Lyell (February 18, 1860):--
"I send by this post an attack in the "Gardeners' Chronicle", by Harvey
(a first-rate Botanist, as you probably know). It seems to me rather
strange; he assumes the permanence of monsters, whereas, monsters are
generally sterile, and not often inheritable. But grant his case, it
comes that I have been too cautious in not admitting great and sudden
variations. Here again comes in the mischief of my ABSTRACT. In the
fuller MS. I have discussed a parallel case of a normal fish like the
monstrous gold-fish."
With reference to Sir J.D. Hooker's reply, my father wrote:]
Down, [February 26th, 1860].
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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