Life History and Ecology of the Five-Lined Skink, Eumeces fasciatusFitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Science
Life History and Ecology of the Five-Lined Skink, Eumeces fasciatus
Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Eumeces fasciatus
In the spring of 1952, the first skink of the season was found on March
29, still only partly activated, and under a large flat rock. Skinks
were not caught or seen in any numbers until April 17, however, and
general emergence probably occurred only a day or two earlier than this.
On May 10, 1952, breeding activity was estimated to be at its peak. By
May 28, the reddish suffusion was conspicuously faded in several males
taken. By June 10 it was no longer discernible.
In the immature female the oviducts are small and threadlike, and the
ovaries have grapelike clusters of pale whitish eggs, which are minute,
often less than .5 mm. in diameter (Figure 8A). In sexually mature
females ova enlarge rapidly after emergence from hibernation in the
spring. While eggs are still in the ovary, they are approximately
spherical. In late April and early May the developing ova enlarge
rapidly. Approximate average sizes (dimensions in mm.) of developing
ovarian ova in each of 22 mature females on different dates were as
follows: April 17, 1949: 2.6, 2.3, 2.2, 2.2, 1.9, 1.9; April 18, 1949:
2.2, 1.9, 1.8, 1.1, 1.1; April 24, 1949: 4.6, 3.2, 2.5, 2.3; May 6,
1951: 2.5, 2.3; May 20, 1951: 7.0, 6.2; May 25, 1951: 8.0; June 3, 1951:
6.0, 5.5.
The two females containing ovarian eggs on June 3, 1951, were retarded
individuals, taken along with several others that had already ovulated.
Copulation takes place in early May before the ova have grown to their
full size. In the following weeks both the ova and the oviducts enlarge
rapidly. Upon passing into the oviducts, the ova assume an oval shape
and are approximately 9 by 6 mm. before the albumen and shell are added.
Deposition of a clutch of eggs probably extends over only a day or two
at most, as clutches appear abruptly in the nest cavities. On only a few
occasions were the females found in nest cavities with their clutches
partly laid.
[Illustration: FIG. 8. Adult female skinks with ventral body walls
removed to show reproductive organs. A. Condition in April shortly
before the breeding season; the ovary (O) is still small and
elongate, with the small ova forming a grapelike cluster; right
ovary removed to expose the small bandlike oviduct (OD) beneath it.
B. Condition in late May shortly before ovulation; the greatly
enlarged ovaries are removed to expose the oviducts (OD) now
enlarged and convoluted for reception of the ova. C. Same stage
as B, with mature ova (O) filling most of the body cavity and
concealing other internal organs, I--intestine; L--liver;
approximately natural size.]
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