It is by no means improbable that Conifers closely allied to the Redwoods and Mammoth trees of California were represented in Jurassic floras; but hitherto no proof has been obtained of the occurrence of a Sequoia among the rich material afforded by the Jurassic plant-beds of Yorkshire and by beds of the same age in other countries. A small cone has recently been described from strata near Boulogne belonging to the latest phase of the Jurassic period, which presents a strong resemblance in shape and size and in the form of the cone-scales to those of the recent species. This specimen, though not conclusive, is the most satisfactory indication of a Jurassic Sequoia so far discovered. From Lower Jurassic rocks in Madagascar similar cones have been recorded in association with foliage-shoots like those of _Sequoia gigantea_, but here too the evidence is not beyond suspicion. In plant-bearing strata of Wealden age, such as are exposed in the cliff near Hastings and in deposits of the same age in North Germany, Portugal, and elsewhere, twigs and cones have been found which may be those of trees nearly allied to the genus Sequoia. [Illustration: Fig. 15. _Sequoia Couttsiae_ Heer. Twigs (A) and cone-scales (B) from Bovey Tracey. (× 3.) (Photographs by Mr and Mrs Clement Reid.)] It is, however, in the sedimentary rocks of Cretaceous age, rather higher in the series than those in the Hastings cliffs, and in the succeeding Tertiary rocks, that undoubted Sequoias are met with in abundance. At Bovey Tracey in Devonshire there is a basin-shaped depression in the granitic rocks of Dartmoor filled with clay, gravel and sand--the flood-deposits of a Tertiary lake containing waifs and strays of the vegetation on the surrounding hills. Among the commonest plants is one to which the late Oswald Heer gave the name _Sequoia Couttsiae_, and his reference of the specimens to the genus Sequoia has been confirmed by the recent researches of Air and Mrs Clement Reid(50). This Tertiary (Oligocene) species is represented by slender twigs almost identical with those of _Sequoia gigantea_ and by well-preserved cone-scales and seeds (Fig. 15). Moreover, it has been possible to examine microscopically the structure of the carbonised outer skin of the leaves and to demonstrate its agreement with that of the superficial tissue in the leaves of the Mammoth tree. With the Bovey Tracey Sequoia are associated fragments of Magnolia, Vitis, and _Taxodium distichum_, the swamp Cypress of North America, together with other types which have long ceased to exist in Western Europe. Other British examples of Sequoia have been described from Tertiary beds at Bournemouth, the Isle of Wight, Sheppey, and Antrim, but the material from these localities is inferior in preservation and cannot be identified with the same degree of certainty as in the case of the Devonshire specimens. The occurrence of twigs and cones of several