Lord Byron as a satirist in verseFuess, Claude Moore
History
Lord Byron as a satirist in verse
Fuess, Claude Moore
Byron, George Gordon Byron, Baron, 1788-1824 -- Criticism and interpretation; Verse satire, English -- History and criticism
During the seven years between the completion of _The Curse of Minerva_
and the publication of _Beppo_, Byron’s contributions to satire were,
on the whole, sporadic, ephemeral, and unworthy of his genius. He
composed in this period only one long formal satire, _The Waltz_, and
that appeared anonymously, to be disowned by its author. The remaining
satiric product may be divided into three groups: political epigrams
and squibs, like _Windsor Poetics_, many of them printed in the
newspapers, others sent in letters to friends; jocular and fragmentary
_jeux d’esprit_, often, like _The Devil’s Drive_, semi-political; and
ironical and invective verses dealing with his domestic troubles,
illustrated by _A Sketch_. Nearly all are timely impromptus, to few of
which he gave careful revision. The period is plainly transitional,
for it marks the gradual change in Byron’s satiric method from the
formal vituperation of _English Bards_ to the colloquial raillery of
_Beppo_. Little by little he forsakes the heroic couplet for other
measures; more and more he diverges in practice from the principles
of his masters, Pope and Gifford. As he grows more experienced and
more mature, he tends to employ mockery as well as abuse, and in this
development is to be seen an approach to the manner and spirit of _Don
Juan_.
The causes for the comparative unproductivity in satire of this period
in Byron’s life are by no means difficult to discover. The years which
followed his return from abroad saw his dramatic entrance into London
society, his association with leaders in politics and literature, his
engagement to Miss Milbanke and eventual marriage to her on January
2, 1815, and his separation from her in 1816. Before 1812 he had been
a somewhat isolated author; now he was a prominent and much discussed
personage, busy with duties and engagements. It is true that even in
the midst of these exciting days he did not cease writing; but his
interest had been turned to the verse romance, popularized in England
by Scott, and his literary work resulted in _The Giaour_ and the
narrative poems which followed it in rapid succession. Engaged in so
many pleasurable pursuits, the poet had small inclination for sustained
effort, and contented himself with pouring forth, with astonishing
facility and fluency, these melodramatic Eastern tales. Possibly, too,
his circumstances were so fortunate up to 1816 that he did not resort
instinctively, as he did later, to satire as a means of voicing his
dissatisfaction with men and things. It was not until he had been
driven from his native land by the condemnation of his countrymen that
his satiric spirit became again a dominant mood.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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