Mahan on naval warfare : $b Selections from the writing of Rear Admiral Alfred T. MahanMahan, A. T. (Alfred Thayer)
History
Mahan on naval warfare : $b Selections from the writing of Rear Admiral Alfred T. Mahan
Mahan, A. T. (Alfred Thayer)
Naval art and science; Naval strategy; Sea-power
Guard yourselves, of course, from imagining three _equal_ parts. We are
not dealing here with mathematics, but with military conceptions. For
practical results, let us apply at once to the United States of to-day.
The United States has a long ocean frontier, broken at Mexico by the
interposition of land, as the French maritime frontier is broken at the
Pyrenees; yet the coast lines, like the French, possess a certain
maritime continuity, in that ships can pass from end to end by sea. In
such cases, it may be said without exaggeration that an ocean frontier
is continuous. At present, the United States has one frontier which is
strictly continuous, by land as by water, from the coast of Maine to the
Rio Grande. There are in it, by natural division, three principal parts:
the Atlantic, the Gulf, and the Straits of Florida. I do not deny that
for purposes of study further convenient subdivisions may be made; but
it may fairly be claimed that these three are clear, are primary, and
are principal. They are very unequal in length, and, from the military
standpoint, in importance; for while the peninsula of Florida does not
rank very high in the industrial interests of the nation, a superior
hostile fleet securely based in the Straits of Florida could effectively
control intercourse by water between the two flanks. It would possess
central position; and in virtue of that central position, its
superiority need not be over the whole United States navy, should that
be divided on each side of the central position. The supposed enemy, in
such position, would need only to be decisively superior to each of the
divisions lying on either side; whereas, were they united, superiority
would require to be over the whole. It was this condition which made
Cuba for the first century of our national existence a consideration of
the first importance in our International relations. It flanked national
communications, commercial and military. We know that there exists in
our country an element of wisdom which would treat such a situation,
which geography has constituted for us, as two boys do an apple. This
would divide the fleet between the two coasts, and call it fair to both;
because, so it is reasoned,—or rather argued,—defending both. It
certainly, however, would not be concentration, nor effective.
Before passing on, note the striking resemblance between the Florida
peninsula and that of Korea. Togo, at Masampo, was to Rozhestvensky and
the Russians at Vladivostok just as a hostile fleet in the Straits of
Florida would be to American divisions in the Gulf and at Hampton Roads.
In like manner at an earlier period Togo and Kamimura, working apart but
on interior lines, separated the three fine fighting ships in
Vladivostok from the Port Arthur division.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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