Materialism; Mind and body; Physiology -- Early works to 1800
I always use the word "imagine," because I think that everything is
the work of imagination, and that all the faculties of the soul can be
correctly reduced to pure imagination in which they all consist.{30}
Thus judgment, reason, and memory are not absolute parts of the soul,
but merely modifications of this kind of medullary screen upon which
images of the objects painted in the eye are projected as by a magic
lantern.
But if such is the marvelous and incomprehensible result of the
structure of the brain, if everything is perceived and explained
by imagination, why should we divide the sensitive principle which
thinks in man? Is not this a clear inconsistency in the partisans
of the simplicity of the mind? For a thing that is divided can no
longer without absurdity be regarded as indivisible. See to what one is
brought by the abuse of language and by those fine words (spirituality,
immateriality, etc.) used haphazard and not understood even by the
most brilliant.{31}
Nothing is easier than to prove a system based, as this one is, on
the intimate feeling and personal experience of each individual. If
the imagination, or, let us say, that fantastic part of the brain
whose nature is as unknown to us as its way of acting, be naturally
small or weak, it will hardly be able to compare the analogy or the
resemblance of its ideas, it will be able to see only what is face
to face with it, or what affects it very strongly; and how will it
see all this! Yet it is always imagination which apperceives, and
imagination which represents to itself all objects along with their
names and symbols; and thus, once again, imagination is the soul,
since it plays all the rôles of the soul. By the imagination, by its
flattering brush, the cold skeleton of reason takes on living and ruddy
flesh, by the imagination the sciences flourish, the arts are adorned,
the wood speaks, the echoes sigh, the rocks weep, marble breathes, and
all inanimate objects gain life. It is imagination again which adds
the piquant charm of voluptuousness to the tenderness of an amorous
heart; which makes tenderness bud in the study of the philosopher
and of the dusty pedant, which, in a word, creates scholars as well
as orators and poets. Foolishly decried by some, vainly praised by
others, and misunderstood by all; it follows not only in the train
of the graces and of the fine arts, it not only describes, but can
also measure nature. It reasons, judges, analyzes, compares, and
investigates. Could it feel so keenly the beauties of the pictures
drawn for it, unless it discovered their relations? No, just as it can
not turn its thoughts on the pleasures of the senses, without enjoying
their perfection or their voluptuousness, it can not reflect on what
it has mechanically conceived, without thus being judgment itself.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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