Materialism; Mind and body; Physiology -- Early works to 1800
The more the imagination or the poorest talent is exercised, the
more it gains in embonpoint, so to speak, and the larger it grows. It
becomes sensitive, robust, broad, and capable of thinking. The best
of organisms has need of this exercise.
Man's preeminent advantage is his organism.{32} In vain all writers
of books on morals fail to regard as praiseworthy those qualities
that come by nature, esteeming only the talents gained by dint of
reflection and industry. For whence come, I ask, skill, learning,
and virtue, if not from a disposition that makes us fit to become
skilful, wise and virtuous? And whence again, comes this disposition,
if not from nature? Only through nature do we have any good qualities;
to her we owe all that we are. Why then should I not esteem men with
good natural qualities as much as men who shine by acquired and as
it were borrowed virtues? Whatever the virtue may be, from whatever
source it may come, it is worthy of esteem; the only question is,
how to estimate it. Mind, beauty, wealth, nobility, although the
children of chance, all have their own value, as skill, learning and
virtue have theirs. Those upon whom nature has heaped her most costly
gifts should pity those to whom these gifts have been refused; but,
in their character of experts, they may feel their superiority without
pride. A beautiful woman would be as foolish to think herself ugly,
as an intelligent man to think himself a fool. An exaggerated modesty
(a rare fault, to be sure) is a kind of ingratitude towards nature. An
honest pride, on the contrary, is the mark of a strong and beautiful
soul, revealed by manly features moulded by feeling.
If one's organism is an advantage, and the preeminent advantage,
and the source of all others, education is the second. The best made
brain would be a total loss without it, just as the best constituted
man would be but a common peasant, without knowledge of the ways of
the world. But, on the other hand, what would be the use of the most
excellent school, without a matrix perfectly open to the entrance and
conception of ideas? It is ... impossible to impart a single idea to
a man deprived of all his senses....
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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