Mincom Division Tape recorders for ground telemetry Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing and data handling equipment Los Angeles, California Motorola, Inc. Spacecraft command subsystems, Military Electronics Division transponders, and associated Scottsdale, Arizona operational support equipment Nortronics Attitude control gyro electronic, Division of Northrop Corporation autopilot electronic, and antenna Palos Verdes Estates, California servo electronic modules, long-range Earth sensors and Sun sensors Ransom Research Verification and ground command Division of Wyle Laboratories modulation equipment San Pedro, California Rantec Corporation Transponder circulators and monitors Calabasas, California Ryan Aeronautical Company Solar panel structures Aerospace Division San Diego, California Spectrolab Solar cells and their installation Division of Textron Electronics, and electrical connection on Inc. solar panels North Hollywood, California State University of Iowa Calibrated Geiger counters Iowa City, Iowa Sterer Engineering & Manufacturing Valves and regulators for midcourse Company propulsion and attitude control North Hollywood, California systems Texas Instruments, Inc. Spacecraft data encoders and Apparatus Division associated operational support Dallas, Texas equipment, ground telemetry demodulators Trans-Sonic, Inc. Transducers Burlington, Massachusetts In addition to these subcontractors, over 1,000 other industrial firms contributed to the Mariner Project. FOOTNOTES [1]Throughout this book “Mariner” refers to the successful Mariner II Venus mission. Mariner I was launched earlier but was destroyed when the launch vehicle flew off course. [2]For scientific reasons, distances from Venus are calculated from the center of the planet. Hereafter in this chapter, these distances will be reckoned from the surface. INDEX