Mechanics of the Household: A Course of Study Devoted to Domestic Machinery and Household Mechanical AppliancesKeene, E. S. (Edward Spencer)
Science
Mechanics of the Household: A Course of Study Devoted to Domestic Machinery and Household Mechanical Appliances
Keene, E. S. (Edward Spencer)
Heating; Lighting; Plumbing
Suppose that the valve for admitting steam to the radiators, as
that in Fig. 53, is closed and that the temperature of the house is
falling. The strip _C_ of the thermostat controller is moving toward
_J_. When contact is made, the current from the battery _B_ energizes
the magnets _H-H_ and the bar _I_ is lifted. As the bar _I_ is raised
the catch _J_ is released and permits the motor to start. The bar _I_
is held suspended by the cam _M_ until the arm _L_ has made one-half
revolution, when the lug _K_ drops into the depression in the cam made
to receive it and the catch _J_ engages with the brake and stops the
motor.
[Illustration: FIG. 53.--Thermostat complete with the regulator,
battery and motor, attached to a steam supply valve.]
During this movement the arm _L_ has lifted the valve arm _N_ and the
valve admits steam to the radiators, at the same time the contact _M_
has been shifted from the right-hand contact to the left, and the
electric circuit is ready to be made in the controller at the point
_K_. When the temperature has fallen a sufficient amount the controller
bar _C_ will make contact at _K_ and the motor will again make a half
cycle, changing the valve back to its original position. This process
will be kept up so long as the motor is wound and there is sufficient
fuel in the furnace to raise the temperature.
Fig. 55 shows the method of connecting the electric wires from the
battery to the controller. A three-wire cable connects the battery, and
makes contacts as indicated at _H_, _K_ and _J_. The wires are shown
attached to the motor as in Fig. 55. A wire is taken from either pole
of the battery and attached to one of the ends of the magnet coil.
Passing through the magnet the wire is attached to the frame of the
motor. This makes the cam _M_ a part of the electric circuit. The other
two wires are attached to the brass strips on each side of the arm _L_.
The strips are insulated from the frame. The electric circuit through
the magnet is made alternately by contact with the strips at right and
left of the arm _L_.
[Illustration: FIG. 54.--Thermostatic regulator with clock attachment
for control of day and night temperature.]
In case the motor, through neglect, runs down, a safety switch at _D_
(Fig. 53) disconnects the battery and keeps it from being discharged.
This switch is shown in detail in Fig. 56. When the weight has reached
its limit, the piece _C_ on the chain comes into contact with _D_ and
lifting it out of contact, breaks the circuit. When the motor is again
wound, _C_ engages with _E_ and restores the contact. The switch is so
arranged that when open, the valve will always be closed.
[Illustration: FIG. 54_A_.--Showing the clock attachments to the
thermostatic regulator.]
[Illustration: FIG. 55.--Mechanism of the thermostatic regulator.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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