Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)Clark, George Thomas
History
Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)
Clark, George Thomas
Architecture -- England; Architecture, Medieval; Military architecture
The _Inner Ward_ is about 45 yards north and south, or along the river
front, by 54 yards east and west. Its figure is a rectangle, with the
angles so rounded off that its aspect is almost as much that of a
circle as of a square. Towards the river is a steep slope of about 20
feet. On the other sides a similar slope falls towards the ditch. On
the crest of the slope on these three inland sides is a bank of earth
about 8 feet to 12 feet high, especially strong at the north-west
corner. The entrance was at the south-east corner. The inner area or
platform of the ward is about 15 feet above the level of the exterior
soil. On this platform, about 8 yards from the north-east corner, is
a low circular mound about 5 feet high and 40 feet diameter upon its
table-top. It may have been somewhat higher. It has no ditch of its
own. The ditch of this ward is from 40 feet to 50 feet broad, and still
contains water.
[Illustration: EATON SOCON, BEDS.]
North of this is the _North Ward_, above 35 yards north and south, by
80 yards east and west. This also has a ditch about 40 feet broad, on
the west and north fronts. From the inner ward it is separated by the
cross ditch common to the two, and towards the river is a steep slope
about 20 feet high. Besides these defences, the slope on the west and
north is crested by a steep bank of earth, and towards the south, or
inner ward, is one somewhat slighter.
The _Outer Ward_ is in figure long and curved. Its breadth ranges from
29 yards at the north end down to 22 yards near the south-east end,
beyond which it terminates upon the mill leat in a point. This ward
is separated from the other two by a common ditch, which communicates
with the cross ditch, and thus at three points, directly or indirectly,
with the river. The south-eastern end opens at the junction of the leat
with the river. The leat covers this end of the ward, and from the leat
springs the outer ditch, from 40 feet to 50 feet broad, which covers
the outer front of the ward, and at its northern end, sweeping round
by a sharp angle, is continued till it joins the north ditch, of which
it thus forms a part. The entrance was at the south-east corner, where
a modern causeway crosses this outer ditch. The road thence skirts the
edge of the outer ward, along the margin of the leat, and thence, by
a second causeway, crosses the inner ditch, and, ascending the slope,
gains the inner ward. No doubt these causeways represent drawbridges.
It does not appear how the inner and north wards communicated. The
bridge between the latter and the outer ward was probably at the
south-west corner of the northern. The ditches are in parts reduced
in depth, and evidently were originally fed from the river. There is
not a trace of masonry, but depressions in the bank of the north ward
seem to indicate towers at its north-east and north-west angles. It is
convenient to use the term angle, but the lines are more or less curved
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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