Medieval rhetoric and poetic to 1400 : $b Interpreted from representative worksBaldwin, Charles Sears
History
Medieval rhetoric and poetic to 1400 : $b Interpreted from representative works
Baldwin, Charles Sears
Literature, Medieval -- History and criticism; Poetics -- History -- To 1500; Rhetoric, Medieval
I remember that your boyhood was competently taught in the
liberal schools; and I have satisfied myself that you often
declaimed before an orator ardently and eloquently.[27]
Now blows the epos of tragedies, now soothes gay comedy, now
flame satires and the oratory of debates on tyrants.[28]
He would vary prosopopœia according to the quality of person,
time, and place, and that in words not ordinary, but thought
out as great and beautiful. In debate assignments [he was]
strong and muscular.[29]
The most extended reference is the letter to Remigius about the
collection which had originally, perhaps, been his desk-book at Rheims,
and which had been revised and copied for imitation.
A certain Auvergnat on his way to Belgium ... filched from
your scribe or bookseller, whether you will or not, at a price
very large, though doubtless inadequate, the first draft of
your _Declamationes_. When he came back to us ... I took
care to have them all copied. It was the universal opinion
that few such can now be spoken. For few, if any, bring to
such assignments even an approximately equal ... aptness
in examples, authority in evidence; propriety in epithets,
urbanity in figures; force in argument, weight in appeal; flow
of words, stroke of cadence. The structure, moreover, is strong
and firm, the very clever transitions woven with pauses that
cannot be resolved. Nor is it the less smooth, light, every way
rounded, and such as aptly to speed a reader’s tongue without
making it stumble, or stutter over rough combinations, or twist
into the chamber of the palate. Finally all is liquid, ductile,
as when the finger runs without a scratch over a surface of
crystal or onyx.... There is no man now living whose discourse
your skill cannot easily outdistance and surpass.[30]
Interesting as is the glimpse of the transmission and traffic of books,
it is quite overshadowed by the significance of such a collection.
Evidently it was regarded not only as a storehouse for imitation in
school, but as a work of literature. Similarly were collected early in
the sixth century the _declamationes_ of Ennodius, Bishop of Pavia.[31]
The letter of Sidonius specifies, moreover, those literary excellences
which were sought alike in teaching and in professional practise. What
he means, for instance, by firmness of _structura_ is not cogency of
composition, but smoothness of style; and revision to this end involves
meticulous adjustment to tongue and ear.
Other references show equally that the exercises of the schools were
carried, as in the earlier imperial centuries, into public speaking and
literature. The orator’s achievement is not the persuasion of his fellow
men; it is his own virtuosity.
He spoke with order, weight, ardor, with great keenness,
greater fluency, greatest skill.[32]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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