Mexican archæology : $b an introduction to the archæology of the Mexican and Mayan civilizations of pre-Spanish AmericaJoyce, Thomas Athol
History
Mexican archæology : $b an introduction to the archæology of the Mexican and Mayan civilizations of pre-Spanish America
Joyce, Thomas Athol
Mayas -- Antiquities; Mexico -- Antiquities
The tenth month, Xocouetzi (August 1st), however, made up in
gruesomeness for the simplicity of the last. A festival was held in
honour of Xiuhtecutli, the figure of a mummy appearing as symbol, and
the terrible fire-sacrifice mentioned on p. 53 was made. A feature
of the proceedings was the erection of a lofty pole, surmounted by a
figure of the god made of flour-paste, and the final ceremony consisted
in a contest on the part of the young men to swarm up the pole and
reach the figure, the victor being entitled to certain rewards and
_insignia_. Both the last two month-festivals had a certain
connection with honours paid to the dead. During the latter the
Tlaxcalans especially performed rites in memory of deceased warriors
and princes.
Ochpaniztli, the eleventh month (August 21st), was symbolized by a
figure of Teteoinnan, in whose honour the ceremonies were held. A
woman, dressed as the goddess, was decapitated by a priest of Chicome
Coatl, and flayed, the skin from her thigh being made into a mask for
the priest of Cinteotl; she was not told of her fate, since it was of
great importance that she should not weep. Sacrifices were also made to
Uitzilopochtli, and the proceedings included a battle of flowers and
the distribution by the king of military rewards and _insignia_.
The skin-mask worn by the priest of Cinteotl was finally deposited on a
hostile frontier, and the occasion was often marked by a skirmish with
the foe who lay in wait for the escort.
Teotleco, the twelfth month (September 10th), symbolized by a figure of
Tezcatlipoca, was signalized by a feast in honour of all the gods, who
were believed to have left the country for a season, and were now about
to return. Tezcatlipoca, the god of perennial youth, was believed to
arrive in advance of the rest, while Yacatecutli and Xiuhtecutli came a
day after the main body; the former because, as the god of travelling
merchants, he might be supposed to have wandered further afield,
the latter because he was essentially the old god, and could not be
expected to travel so fast. For the arrival of the main body, a heap of
maize-meal was prepared by a priest, who visited it at intervals until
the mark of a footprint announced the arrival of the holy travellers;
this was the signal for universal rejoicing. A large amount of octli
was consumed, this proceeding being termed “washing the feet of the
gods.” The festival terminated with the burning alive of a number of
slaves.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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