Mexican archæology : $b an introduction to the archæology of the Mexican and Mayan civilizations of pre-Spanish AmericaJoyce, Thomas Athol
History
Mexican archæology : $b an introduction to the archæology of the Mexican and Mayan civilizations of pre-Spanish America
Joyce, Thomas Athol
Mayas -- Antiquities; Mexico -- Antiquities
The remaining five days of the year, called Nemontemi, were regarded
as extremely unfortunate. No work was done, and the people went out as
little as possible, for an evil omen encountered during this period was
regarded as doubly unlucky. In particular every attempt was made to
avoid quarrelling and dispute, and the time was one of general inaction.
The feasts of the solar calendar have been detailed at some length in
order to give an idea of the nature of Mexican religious practice,
and to show to what an extent religious observances entered into the
life of the people. Those who desire fuller particulars will find them
in Sahagun’s great work. Space forbids a description of the various
ceremonies relating to certain individual days of the ritual calendar
or tonalamatl, but that performed on the day 4. olin, sacred to
Tonatiuh, deserves short mention. A prisoner, in merchant’s dress, was
taken to the shrine called Quauhcalli and set upon a large stone carved
with the image of the sun. Standing thus he declaimed a message to the
god, with which he had been entrusted, and was forthwith stripped of
his ornaments and sacrificed upon the stone itself. Seler conjectures
that the famous so-called “calendar-stone” in the Mexican museum is
the stone to which reference is made in this account. This magnificent
specimen of the Mexican stone-mason’s art is figured on Pl. VIII, 1,
and a schematic drawing is seen in Fig. 8. The outer band of decoration
is formed by two fire-snakes, each with a human face in its mouth. At
the top, in a square cartouche, is the glyph 13. acatl, the date of
birth of the historical sun (see p. 51). The day-signs in order form
an inner ornamental band, and in the centre is a large olin glyph,
accompanied by the number 4, and with a sun-face in the middle. Within
the arms of the olin are sculptured the calendrical names of the four
previous suns, and in the interspaces are the glyphs 1. tecpatl, the
sign used for the name of Montecuzoma, 1. quiauitl, and 7. ozomatli,
the significance of which has not yet been satisfactorily explained.
Outside the day-signs are seen the pointed emblems which typify the
rays of the sun, which enter also into the glyph by which the Mexicans
expressed the meaning “year” (Fig. 86, _l_; p. 356).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account