I am, Sir,
Your obedient servant,
THOMAS YOUNG, M.D.,
Sec. Bd. Long.
Michael Faraday, Esq.,
Royal Institution.
In February, 1825, Faraday’s duties towards the Royal Institution were
somewhat modified. Hitherto he had been nominally a mere assistant
to Davy and Brande, though he had occasionally undertaken lectures
for the latter. Now, on Davy’s recommendation, he was, as we have
seen, appointed by the managers Director of the Laboratory under
the superintendence of the Professor of Chemistry. He was relieved,
“because of his occupation in research,” from his duty as chemical
assistant at the lectures.
The research on optical glass was not concluded till 1829, when
its results were communicated to the Royal Society in the Bakerian
lecture of that year--a memoir so long that it is said three sittings
were occupied in its delivery. It is printed _in extenso_ in the
_Philosophical Transactions_ of 1830. It opens as follows:--
When the philosopher desires to apply glass in the construction
of perfect instruments, and especially the achromatic
telescope, its manufacture is found liable to imperfections so
important and so difficult to avoid, that science is frequently
stopped in her progress by them--a fact fully proved by the
circumstance that Mr. Dollond, one of our first opticians, has
not been able to obtain a disc of flint glass 4½ inches in
diameter, fit for a telescope, within the last five years; or a
similar disc, of 5 inches, within the last ten years.
This led to the appointment by Sir H. Davy of the Royal Society
Committee, and the Government removed the excise restrictions,
and undertook to bear all the expenses as long as the
investigation offered a reasonable hope of success.
The experiments were begun at the Falcon Glass Works, three
miles from the Royal Institution, and continued there in
1825, 1826, and to Sept., 1827, when a room was built at the
Institution. At first the inquiry was pursued principally as
related to flint and crown glass; but in September, 1828, it
was directed exclusively to the preparation and perfection of
peculiar heavy and fusible glasses, from which time continued
progress has been made.
In 1830 the experiments on glass-making were stopped.
In 1831 the Committee for the Improvement of Glass for Optical
Purposes reported to the Royal Society Council that the telescope made
with Mr. Faraday’s glass had been examined by Captain Kater and Mr.
Pond. “It bears as great a power as can reasonably be expected, and is
very achromatic. The Committee therefore recommend that Mr. Faraday be
requested to make a perfect piece of glass of the largest size that
his present apparatus will admit, and also to teach some person to
manufacture the glass for general sale.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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