He possessed an intuitive bent of mind to inquire about the relations
of facts to one another. Convinced by sheer converse with nature in
the laboratory, of the correlation of forces and of the conservation
of energy long before either of those doctrines had received distinct
enunciation as principles of natural philosophy, he seems never to
have viewed an action without thinking of the necessary and appropriate
reaction; never to have deemed any physical relation complete in
which discovery had not been made of the converse relations for
which instinctively he sought. So in December, 1824, we find him
experimenting on the passage of a bar magnet through a helix of copper
wire (see _Quarterly Journal_ for July, 1825), but without result. In
November, 1825, he sought for evidence that might prove an electric
current in a wire to exercise an influence upon a neighbouring wire
connected to a galvanometer. But again, and yet again in December
of the same year, the entry stands “No result.” A third failure did
not convince him that the search was hopeless: it showed him that he
had not yet found the right method of experimenting. It is narrated
of him how at this period he used to carry in his waistcoat pocket a
small model of an electromagnetic circuit--a straight iron core about
an inch long, surrounded by a few spiral turns of copper wire--which
model he at spare moments would take out and contemplate, using it thus
objectively to concentrate his thoughts upon the problem to be solved.
A copper coil, an iron core. Given that electricity was flowing through
the one, it evoked magnetism in the other. What was the converse?
At first sight it might seem simple enough. Put magnetism from some
external source into the iron core, and then try whether on connecting
the copper coil to a galvanometer there was any indication of an
electric current. But this was exactly what was found not to result.
[Sidenote: OTHER MEN’S FAILURES.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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