At last Gernez went off to the north to study the silk worms of
Valenciennes, and Pasteur, not clearly knowing the reason why, wrote
to him and asked him to do that feeding experiment up there. Gernez
had some nice broods of healthy worms. Gernez was sure in his own
head--no matter what his chief might think--that the wee globules
were really living things, parasites, assassins of the silkworm. He
took forty healthy worms and fed them on good healthy mulberry leaves
that had never been fed on by sick beasts. These worms proceeded
to spin twenty-seven good cocoons and there were no globules in
the moths that came from them. He smeared some other leaves with
crushed-up sick moths and fed them to some day-old worms--and these
worms wasted away to a slow death, they became covered with pepper
spots and their bodies swarmed with the sub-visible globules. He took
some more leaves with crushed-up sick moths and fed these to some
old worms just ready to spin cocoons; the worms lived to spin the
cocoons, but the moths that came out of the cocoons were loaded with
the globules, and the worms from their eggs came to nothing. Gernez
was excited--and he became more excited when still nights at his
microscope showed him that the globules increased tremendously as the
worms faded to their deaths....
Gernez hurried to Pasteur. “It is solved,” he cried, “the little
globules are alive--they are _parasites_!--They are what make the
worms sick!”
It was six months before Pasteur was convinced that Gernez was right,
but when at last he understood, he swooped back on his work, and
once more called the Committee together. “The little corpuscles are
not only a sign of the disease, they are its cause. These globules
are alive, they multiply, they force themselves into every part of
the moth’s body. Where we made our mistake was to examine only a
little part of the moth, we only looked under the skin of the moth’s
belly--we’ve got to grind up the whole beast and examine all of it.
Then if we do not find the globules we can safely use the eggs for
next year’s worms!”
The committee tried the new scheme and it worked--the next year they
had fine worms that gave them splendid yields of silk.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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