Gauden, raking up material from all quarters, had inserted in his compilation a prayer taken from the _Arcadia_. Milton mercilessly works this topic against his adversary. It is surprising that this plagiarism from so well-known a book as the _Arcadia_ should not have opened Milton's eyes to the unauthentic character of the _Eikon_. He alludes, indeed, to a suspicion which was abroad that one of the royal chaplains was a secret coadjutor. But he knew nothing of Gauden at the time of writing the _Eikonoklastes_, and probably he never came to know anything. The secret of the authorship of the _Eikon_ was well kept, being known only to a very few persons--the two royal brothers, Bishop Morley, the Earl of Bristol, and Clarendon. These were all safe men, and Gauden was not likely to proclaim himself an impostor. He pleaded his authorship, however, as a claim to preferment at the Restoration, when the church spoils came to be partitioned among the conquerors, and he received the bishopric of Exeter. A bishopric--because less than the highest preferment could not be offered to one whose pen had done such signal service; and Exeter--because the poorest see (then valued at 500 l. a year) was good enough for a man who had taken the covenant and complied with the usurping government. By ceaseless importunity the author of the _Eikon Basilike_ obtained afterwards the see of Worcester, while the portion of the author of _Eikonoklastes_ was poverty, infamy, and calumny. A century after Milton's death it was safe for the most popular writer of the day to say that the prayer from the _Arcadia_ had been interpolated in the _Eikon_ by Milton himself, and then by him charged upon the King as a plagiarism (Johnson, _Lives of the Poets_.) CHAPTER IX. MILTON AND SALMASIUS.--BLINDNESS. The mystery which long surrounded the authorship of _Eikon Basilike_ lends a literary interest to Milton's share in that controversy, which does not belong to his next appearance in print. Besides, his pamphlets against Salmasius and Morus are written in Latin, and to the general reader in this country and in America inaccessible in consequence. In Milton's day it was otherwise; the widest circle of readers could only be reached through Latin. For this reason, when Charles II. wanted a public vindication of his father's memory, it was indispensable that it should be composed in that language. The _Eikon_ was accordingly turned into Latin, by one of the royal chaplains, Earle, afterwards Bishop of Salisbury. But this was not enough; a defence in form was necessary, an _Apologia Socratis_, such as Plato composed for his master after his death. It must not only be written in Latin, but in such Latin as to ensure its being read.