Modern thinkers and present problems : $b an approach to modern philosophy through its history — John Shaqi
Modern thinkers and present problems : $b an approach to modern philosophy through its historySinger, Edgar A. (Edgar Arthur)
Philosophy
Modern thinkers and present problems : $b an approach to modern philosophy through its history
Singer, Edgar A. (Edgar Arthur)
Philosophers; Philosophy -- History
As a specimen of the manner in which Hume would have one weigh the
probabilities for and against miracles, we may take the oft-cited
passage with which the discussions closes. “... Let us examine those
miracles related in scripture; and not to lose ourselves in too wide a
field, let us confine ourselves to such as we find in the _Pentateuch_,
which we shall examine, ... not as the word or testimony of God
himself, but as the production of a mere human writer and historian.
Here, then, we are first to consider a book presented to us by a
barbarous and ignorant people, written in an age when they are still
more barbarous, and in all probability long after the facts which
it relates, corroborated by no concurring testimony, and resembling
those fabulous accounts which every nation gives of its origin. Upon
reading this book, we find it full of prodigies and miracles. It gives
us an account of a state of the world and of human nature entirely
different from the present; of our fall from that state; of the age
of man extended to nearly a thousand years; of the destruction of
the world by a deluge; of the arbitrary choice of one people as the
favorites of heaven, and that people the countrymen of the author;
of their deliverance from bondage by prodigies the most astonishing
imaginable: I desire any one to lay his hand upon his heart, and after
a serious consideration declare whether he thinks that the falsehood of
such a book, supported by such testimony, would be more extraordinary
and miraculous than all the miracles it relates; which is, however,
necessary to make it to be received, according to the measure of
probability above established.”
Higher critical ability and wider knowledge have since Hume’s day
been brought to bear upon the interpretation of such documents as the
books of the Old Testament, and it is not as an ethnologist that he
has any claim upon our attention. But the citation will serve to show
that the skepticism of the empirical method is not of a kind greatly
to disturb our confidence in the commonly accepted laws of nature. It
will further serve to establish one point respecting Hume’s theology,
a point which throughout all his hesitating utterances on this subject
he never abandons, that, namely, if aught in the world as we know it
points to a God, it is not the strange and exceptional, but the regular
and law-abiding aspects of nature. To him, a wonder-working God is a
superstition of the ages of ignorance and of the ignorant of all ages.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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