My three years in Manipur : $b and escape from the recent mutinyGrimwood, Ethel St. Clair
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My three years in Manipur : $b and escape from the recent mutiny
Grimwood, Ethel St. Clair
Grimwood, Ethel St. Clair, 1867-1928; Manipur (India)
We were going to a place over two hundred miles away called Jorehat,
in the Assam Valley, near the Brahmapootra, and to get to it we had to
pass through Kohima, in the Naga Hills, ninety-six miles from Manipur.
It was my first visit there, and I enjoyed the eight days’ journey to it
immensely. We were accompanied as far as Mao Thana (the boundary between
the Manipur state and Kohima) by the eldest son of the Tongal General.
Before going on, I think some description of the latter officer will not
be amiss, especially as he has played so important a part in the late
rebellion. He was an old man, nearer eighty than seventy I should think,
taller than the average Manipuri, and marvellously active for his age. He
had a fine old face, much lined and wrinkled with age and the cares of
state which had fallen upon him when he was quite a young man, and had
in no wise lessened as his years increased. He had piercing black eyes,
shaggy overhanging white eyebrows, and white hair. His nose was long and
slightly hooked, and his mouth was finely cut and very determined. He was
fond of bright colours, and I never remember seeing him in anything but
a delicate pink silk dhotee, a dark coat made from a first-rate English
pattern, and a pink turban, and when the orchids were in bloom, he seldom
appeared without a large spray of some gorgeous-hued specimen in the top
of his turban.
The Tongal always reminded me of an eagle. He had the same keen, rugged
expression and deep-set, glowing eyes. Few things happened without
his knowledge and consent, and if he withheld his approbation from
any matter, there would invariably be a hitch in it somewhere. He was
credited with more bloodshed than any man in the kingdom. If a village
had misbehaved itself, raided on another, or refused to pay revenue or
do Lalup, the Tongal would travel out to that village and wipe it off
the face of the earth. Men, women, and children were cut down without the
slightest compunction. Few escaped, and these travelled away and joined
other villages; but every house and barn and shed was burnt, pigs and
fowls destroyed, and ruin and devastation reigned where prosperity and
plenty had held sway before. I believe in later years restrictions were
brought to bear upon the Manipur durbar which prevented such wholesale
slaughter; but in earlier days the Tongal had, as he expressed it,
‘nautched through many villages’ in the style described, and brought
desolation into many a hillman’s peaceful home.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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