[9-*] Dr. Jacinto de la Serna, _Manual de Min stros[TN-8] de Indios para el Conocimiento de sus Idolatrias y Extirpacion de Ellas_, p. 163. This interesting work was composed about the middle of the seventeenth century by a Rector of the University of Mexico, but was first printed at Madrid, in 1892, from the MS. furnished by Dr. N. Leon, under the editorship of the Marquis de la Fuensanta del Valle. [9-†] MSS. of the Licentiate Zetina, and _Informe_ of Father Baeza in _Registro Yucateco_, Tom. i. [10-*] Acosta, _De la Historia Moral de Indias_, Lib. v, cap. 26. [10-†] Of the _thiuimeezque_ Hernandez writes: “Aiunt radicis cortice unius unciæ pondere tuso, atque devorato, multa ante oculos observare phantasmata, multiplices imagines ac monstrificas rerum figuras, detegique furem, si quidpiam rei familiaris subreptum sit.” _Hist. Plant. Nov. Hispan._, Tom. iii, p. 272. The _chacuaco_ and its effects are described by Father Venegas in his _History of California_, etc. [10-‡] “In Mictlan Tetlachihuique, in Nanahualtin, in Tlahuipuchtin.” Paredes, _Promptuario Manual Mexicano_, p. 128 (Mexico, 1757). The _tlahuipuchtin_, “those who work with smoke,” were probably diviners who foretold the future from the forms taken by smoke in rising in the air. This class of augurs were also found in Peru, where they were called _Uirapircos_ (Balboa, _Hist. du Perou_, p. 28-30). [10-§] Von Gagern, _Charakteristik der Indianischer Bevölkerung Mexikos_, s. 125. [11-*] _Historia Antigua de Mexico_, Tom. ii, p. 25. Francisco Pimentel, in his thoughtful work, _Memoria sobre las Causas que han originado la Situacion Actual de la Raza Indigena de Mexico_ (Mexico, 1864), recognizes how almost impossible it is to extirpate their faith in this nagualism. “Conservan los agueros y supersticiones de la antigüedad, siendo cosa de fe para ellos, los _nahuales_,” etc., p. 200, and comp. p. 145. [11-†] On these terms consult the extensive _Dictionnaire de la Langue Nahuatl_, by Rémi Simeon,[TN-9] published at Paris, 1887. It is not impossible that _tona_ is itself a compound root, including the monosyllabic radical _na_, which is at the basis of _nagual_. [11-‡] Sahagun, _Historia de Nueva España_, Lib. iv, _passim_, and Lib. x, cap. 9. [12-*] See Ch. de Labarthe, _Révue Américaine_, Serie ii, Tom. ii, pp. 222-225. His translation of _naualteteuctin_ by “Seigneurs du gènie” must be rejected, as there is absolutely no authority for assigning this meaning to _naualli_. [13-*] _Anales de Cuauhtitlan_, p. 31. The translator renders it “palo brujo.” [13-†] _Les Anciennes Villes du Nouveau Monde_, pp. 146-148, figured on p. 150. On its significance compare Hamy, _Decades Americanæ_, pp. 74-81. [13-‡] _The Native Calendar of Central America and Mexico_ (Philadelphia, 1893). [13-§] Eduard Mühlenpfordt, _Mexico_, Bd. i, s. 255.