The top of the head in most hatchlings is dark brown, approximately the same shade as the ground color of the carapace; the part anterior to the eyes is usually unmarked but a few individuals have a semicircle of small pale spots over each eye or similar spots on much of the head. The posterior part of the head is ordinarily flecked with yellow. The skin on the top of the head, particularly between the eyes, is roughened. The granular skin of the neck is grayish brown to cream-yellow. There are one or two large pale spots behind the eye and another pale spot at the corner of the mouth. Smaller, irregularly arranged pale markings on the necks of some specimens form, with the post-orbital and post-rictal spots, one or two short, ragged stripes. The gular region is pale. In juveniles, the yellow markings of the head and neck are larger and contrast more sharply with the dark ground color than in hatchlings. Markings above the eyes, if present, fuse to form two pale, semicircular stripes. In some older juveniles yellow marks on top of the head blend with the dark background to produce an amber color. The top of the neck darkens or develops blotches of darker color that produce a mottled effect. Spots and stripes on the side of the neck remain well defined. The skin on top of the head becomes smooth and shiny. Adult females tend to retain the color and pattern of juveniles on the head and neck although slight general darkening occurs with age. Many adult females have the top of the head marked with bright yellow spots. In adult males, the top and sides of the head, anterior to the tympanum, are uniformly grayish green or bluish green; the mandibular and maxillary beaks are brighter, yellowish green. Markings on the head and neck of most adult males are obscure (Pl. 25) but the sides of the neck remain mottled in some individuals. The antebrachium has large imbricated scales and _is_ distinctly set off from the proximal part of the foreleg which is covered with granular skin. The antebrachial scales of hatchlings are pale yellow; each scale is bordered with darker color. General darkening of the antebrachium occurs at puberty. In adult females each scale on the anterior surface of the antebrachium is dark brown and has a contrasting yellow, amber, or pale orange center. The anterior antebrachial scales of adult males are dark brown to nearly black and have bright orange or red centers. Old males have thickened antebrachial scales. The iris of hatchlings and juveniles is flecked with yellow and brown; the blending of these colors makes the eye appear yellow, golden, or light brown when viewed without magnification. Adult females retain the juvenal coloration of the eye; the iris of adult males is bright orange or red. The work of Evans (1952) on _T. carolina_ suggests that eye color in box turtles is under hormonal control. Wear