although not so frequent as might be thought from textbooks, are always on display in institutions for the chronic insane. =PARETIC NEUROSYPHILIS (“general paresis”) may look precisely like DEMENTIA PRAECOX. Autopsy.= =Case 12.= Henry Phillips remains a striking case in the memory of those who knew him and his medical findings. Phillips came to the hospital voluntarily at 42 years of age from the bank where he worked as a clerk; he came at the suggestion of his employer. It seems that he had been annoying his associates because he had fallen into a habit of continually scratching himself. Phillips was entirely sure that he was the victim of what he called the “Scotch itch,” and explained off-hand that this itch had been put upon him by the Free Masons as a matter of revenge because he would not join their order. He said once, for example: “At times I feel like raising Hell; then I get a psychic intimation; and then I get to using a foot-rule on my back and to slapping my face.” He explained this psychic intimation as coming from the order of Scottish Rites. Another example of talk is as follows: “My father is a fighting man; that is part of it. They mean to throw me down. I am through now trying for membership in the Free Masons. They have good cause, they must fight. They do not want me for some personal matters. I can go just so far in agreeing and seconding their advances, but in the end it fails. I have no strength nor endurance.” Aside from these delusions, there was little abnormality to be found, though his recollection for minor events of the immediate present was inaccurate. He was rather abnormally impulsive, gesticulating a good deal while talking, and was of the appearance that the laity call “nervous.” It appears that he had always been peculiar, subject to violent fits of temper, in which fits he might throw things at other members of the family. He always had pronounced likes and dislikes which he never concealed. He had never had friends, had always been secretive; and he was often termed a great student. For some five years he had been studying Japanese from time to time, associating himself with a Japanese.