Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 2 (of 3)Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
History
Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 2 (of 3)
Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
Rome -- History
not to sail to the south beyond the Drin, a river which flows from the
lake of Scutari, and with no more than two unarmed vessels. This was an
immense benefit for the Greeks. What was the fate of the tribes between
Epirus and Scutari, cannot be told with certainty; but most likely,
they, as well as Epidamnus and Apollonia, remained absolutely dependent
on the Romans, although these had no garrison and no prætor there. The
latter may perhaps have levied a moderate tribute from them.
As benefactors of the Greeks, and attracted by the irresistible charm
which the praises of that people had for so many nations, the Romans
sent ambassadors to Greece, to make known there the conditions of the
treaty with the Illyrians. At that time, the Ætolians and Achæans were
united against Demetrius of Macedon, which gave a moment of relief
to this unfortunate country: to both of these peoples the Romans
dispatched the embassy on political grounds. But the one to Athens had
no other object than to earn Greek praises; it was an homage paid to
the intellectual power of that city. For though the poor Athenians had
in those days fallen to the very lowest ebb, yet the memory of their
ancestors was still alive, and honours bestowed by them were still
of value.[10] The motive for a special embassy to Corinth, although
it belonged to the Achæan league, is evident, as Corcyra, Apollonia,
and Epidamnus, were Corinthian colonies. The Corinthians rewarded the
Romans by giving them the right of taking part in the Isthmian games;
the Athenians granted them isopolity, and admission to the Eleusinian
mysteries.
Once before already,--soon after the Punic war, or even while it
yet lasted,--the Romans had meddled in the affairs of Greece. The
Acarnanians and Ætolians were then at war. The Ætolians and Alexander
of Epirus had divided Acarnania between them; but the Acarnanians
had recovered their freedom, and were defending it against the
Ætolians. They now betook themselves to Rome, on the strength of
their forefathers not having fought against Troy; in proof of which
they referred to the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad. Patron too,
who piloted the ships of Æneas, was an Acarnanian. The Romans also
alleged this as the motive of their protection; but their embassy
was treated by the Ætolians with utter scorn, and it led to nothing.
Justin, not without a certain feeling of enjoyment, tells this from
Trogus Pompeius; for Trogus was no Roman by birth, but was sprung from
a Ligurian or Gallic tribe.[11] They now, in the year 524, had better
success, and obtained from the Greeks the honours which have been
mentioned.
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