Nigeria : $b Its peoples and its problemsMorel, E. D. (Edmund Dene)
History
Nigeria : $b Its peoples and its problems
Morel, E. D. (Edmund Dene)
Ethnology -- Nigeria; Nigeria -- Description and travel
Take, for example, the land question. If there is one thing upon which
all the most experienced Nigerian administrators are agreed it is the
absolute essentiality, for the future of the people of the country,
that their use and enjoyment of the land should be secured, not only
against a certain type of European capitalist who covets this rich soil
for his own schemes, and, under the pretence of industrial expansion,
would cheerfully turn the native agriculturist, farmer, and trader into
a “labourer,” but against the class of native who, for his own ends,
for speculative purposes mainly, seeks to undermine native law and to
change the right of user upon which native land tenure is based, into
that of owner at the expense of the community at large. More especially
does this become a question of vital importance to native communities
where, as in Yorubaland, you have a comparatively dense population which
under the _pax Britannica_ is bound to increase at a very rapid rate,
and thus requires every inch of land for its own future uses. But as
matters stand at present, we cannot, in the Egba district, which, being
nearer to Lagos, is more accessible to certain undesirable influences,
both European and native, and to the infiltration of European laws
and customs regulating the tenure of land, take effective measures to
counteract these influences. We could, of course, if we chose, not in
the Egba district only, but throughout Yorubaland. But there has been a
lamentable reluctance both at home and in the Protectorate to foresee
and cope with a predicament which all realize, which some from a natural
bent of mind inclining them to favour the substitution everywhere of
direct for indirect rule, and others who are of the same way of thinking
but from motives of self-interest may secretly rejoice at, but which the
officials whose hearts are really in the country and who have sufficient
experience to understand the endless and disastrous embarrassments
that the disintegration of native law relating to land would produce,
deeply deplore. What has been the result? The Egbas are beginning to
buy and to sell land among themselves in absolute violation of their
own customs and laws, thereby laying up for their country a heritage of
trouble and inserting the thin edge of the wedge of their own undoing by
letting in the land monopolist and speculator. This, according to all its
professions and to its actions in some specific circumstances, for which
it is to be warmly commended, is, in the view of the Administration,
inimical to the public interest of the Protectorate. What is springing up
in Abeokuta to-day will spread to the other districts to-morrow—nay, is
doing so.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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