ENDNOTES TO PART II. [10] We have often preferred the terms kind, breed, family, individual, to genus, species, variety, subvariety, as the former seem less definite. Were nature true to the latter classification as employed by botanists, it would be convenient. [11] In those we observed, we considered this last circumstance had a considerable share as a predisposing cause of the attack of the worm. Forests of _Pinus sylvestris_ are sometimes destroyed by insects under the bark, in cases where it is difficult to decide whether external circumstances, such as a dry warm season, has been promotive of the increase of the insect itself, or has induced some disorder in the plant, rendering the juices more suitable aliment to the worm. [12] Some nautical or technical terms have unavoidably crept into this work; we shall not presume to think any explanation necessary: Britannia would blush _jusqu’au blanc des yeux_, to the _tips_ of the fingers and toes, did she think it were doubted that any of her sons, not doomed to unceasing mechanical labour, were unacquainted with these. [13] It is termed by our professors _Salix fragilis_, or Crack Willow, from the small branches breaking easily at the junction of the annual growth—or, perhaps, Crack Willow, from the branches breaking with considerable report; or from the wood, while burning, frequently detonating or crackling, from the expansion of some aërial fluid within the fibres. Though named by their sapience _fragilis_, it is not weaker than other large growing willows, but stronger and denser; and, being harder in the small branches, they do not bend, but break when their bark and alburnum is driest, in winter. The timber is superior to that of _Salix alba_, or of any other large growing willow we are acquainted with, and is sufficiently pliant and tough. [14] Red Canadian pine is generally termed _Pinus resinosa_; but as it is not so resinous as several other kinds, we consider _Pinus rubra_ (_rubra_ from the colour of stem and also of timber), which is sometimes used, more suitable. The pitch pine of the American United States should be _Pinus resinosa_. [15] We think that in mankind the variations of the children of the same parents do not soften entirely—there would seem to be certain types or nuclei both of appearance and temperament around which external and internal character vibrates. [16] The Canadian red pine resembles P. sylvestris or Norway pine so much, that it is usually styled Norway pine by the settlers: Though different, it is so nearly allied to P. sylvestris, that we consider the number of sap-growths may be referred to the climate and soil, and not to the kind,—that is, that, were it grown in Britain, if it did not at first, it would in the course of time come to have fewer sap-growths.