But inasmuch as all fines would be levied in the first instance upon the property of the guilty individual, it may be assumed that his own earnings went first, and that only in extreme cases would the ancestral land of the family be sold. Even then, in Israelite law, it was expected that the land would be _redeemed_ by the nearest relative,(222) so that the result would be that the land would go out of the family only when no relative could be found rich enough to pay the fine out of his chattels. (M111) It is interesting to find analogous provisions in the customs of Gavelkind of ancient Kent. Under the system of Gavelkind equal division of property amongst sons obstinately held its own against the incursions of the right of primogeniture; and the connection of the family with their land seems to have been regarded as especially privileged in spite of the growth of Feudalism. “If any tenant in Gauelkinde be attainted of felonie, for which he suffereth execution of death, the king shall have all his _goods_, and his heire forthwith after his death shall be inheritable to all his _landes_ and tenements which he held in Gauelkinde in fee, and in inheritance: and he shall hold them by the same services and customes as his auncestors held them: whereupon, it is said in Kentish: “The father to the boughe, “And the sonne to the ploughe.”(223) (M112) It had become customary to allot to a bastard son who was prevented by his birth from ranking with his brothers, and who had no place in the kindred, some smaller substance as a means of subsistence. (M113) Odysseus pretends he was in this position, and relates how his proud brothers allotted him but a small _gift_ (παῦρα δόσαν) and a house as his portion.(224) Isaeus mentions that, only on the acquiescence of the true son, was admission granted to a bastard into the phratria. Even then he was not apparently taken into his father’s family, but allotted a farm (χωρίον ἕν) by his brother and, as it were, launched into the world to start a family of his own, without any further claim upon the property of his father.(225) His introduction and admission to a phratria and deme, as a descendant of an old family, so far removed the stigma of his birth as to give him the title of citizen, and thus afforded him the qualification for holding land. Yet the knowledge of his real parentage bereft him of the right of sharing equally with the rest of his father’s sons, and compelled him to be satisfied with the bare means of subsistence wherewith to found and continue a house of his own.(226)