Ontario Teachers' Manuals: Nature StudyOntario. Department of Education
Science
Ontario Teachers' Manuals: Nature Study
Ontario. Department of Education
Nature study; Science -- Study and teaching (Elementary) -- Ontario
The observational studies suggested under this head for Form I will be
followed also in Form II. The pupils of Form II will be expected to make
more critical observations in connection not only with the plants
growing in their own individual plots, but also with those plants which
other pupils have been growing. They should give some attention also to
the plants in the perennial flower border.
GARDEN RECORDS.
In this Form the pupils should begin to make garden records on such
points as the following:
1. Description of the plant--size, habit of growth, kind of leaves and
their arrangement, date of flowering, form, size and colouring of the
flowers, points of merit or the reverse, description of the seed and how
scattered, how disposed of, and the value.
2. The work done in the garden from day to day, with dates.
3. The effect of rain, drought, or other weather conditions on the
growth of the plants.
4. What insects were seen visiting the flowers and what they were
doing--whether beneficial or harmful.
5. What birds or other animals were found frequenting the garden. (See
Animal Studies, pp. 30, 96, 217.)
6. What plants suffered from earliest frosts; what from subsequent
frosts; what ones proved to be most hardy, etc.
7. What plants the pupils like most in the garden, and what ones seem to
suit the soil and weather conditions best.
The pupils in this Form, by direct observation, should come to
appreciate the development of the fruit and seed from the flower. Their
work in seed selection, based upon the excellence of the flower, helps
to ensure this line of observation.
CORRELATIONS
Art: Drawing of leaves, flowers, and vegetables, in colour when
possible.
Arithmetic: Calculations as to dimensions, number of plants, number of
flowers on a plant and seeds in a flower, value of products of flowers
and vegetables. Cost of seeds, fertilizer, and labour, gross and net
proceeds. Statement showing the above.
Composition: General connected account or story of the work done and the
things learned during the season, as taken from the garden diary and
from memory.
Exercises in writing and spelling, as suitable seat work.
Geography: Weather observations, as related to the garden work and to
plant growth. Comparison of the soil of the garden with other samples
from the district, as to composition and origin. Direction, as related
to the paths or walks in the garden.
Map drawing: Plans of plots and of whole garden and grounds, represented
on sand-table, paper, or black-board. Map drawing on a horizontal
surface is best for the first year or two.
The products of the garden, as compared with home products, as food
supplies for man and beast.
Manual Training: Making of seed envelopes and boxes, modelling in clay
of fruits and vegetables.
CLIMBING PLANTS
Observe particularly the sweet-pea and morning-glory.
Consider the following points:
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