The spoken language is a Scottish dialect with a mixture of Norse words—many thousands, says Jacob Jacobsen—with accent and pronunication distinctly Scandinavian. Some of its peculiarities are as follows: _th_ becomes _d_ or _t_, as _dat eart_ for _that earth_; _qu_ as in _squander_ is sounded like _wh_; long _o_ is shortened; _oo_ in _good_ is modified (something like French _u_) and written _ü_ as _güd_. This _ü_ is the shibboleth of the dialect, and is extremely difficult for any but a Shetlander to pronounce. Nearly all the place names are of Norse origin. Islands and rocks are denoted by _uy_, _holm_, _baa_, _skerry_, _drong_, _stack_; openings along the coast by _voe_, _wick_, _firth_, _ham_, _hoob_, _min_, _gio_, _gloop_, _helyer_; capes by _noss_, _noop_ or _neep_, _bard_, _mool_, _ness_, _taing_, _hevda_ or _hevdi_, rocks or cliffs by _clett_, _hellya_, _berry_, _bakka_, _berg_, _ord_; inland heights by _wart_ or _ward_, _vord_, _virdick_, _fell_ or _fil_, _hool_, _sneug_, _kame_, _coll_ or _kool_, _roni_, _björg_; valleys by _wall_ or _vel_, _dal_, _grave_ or _gref_, _gil_, _boiten_, _koppa_, _sloag_, _quarf_, _wham_; fresh water by _vatn_, _fors_, _kelda_, _o_, _ljöag_, _brun_; crofts and townships by _seter_, or _ster_, _bister_, _skolla_, _taft_; enclosures by _garth_, _gard_, _gord_, _girt_, _gairdie_, _krü_, _bü_, _toon_, _pund_, _hoga_, _hag_, _quhey_. An isthmus is called _aid_; a Pictish broch is _burg_ or _burra_. _Peti_ means Picts; _Finni_, Finns; _Papa_ or _Papil_ an Irish missionary settlement. A century ago the population was 22,379, and reached its maximum (31,670) in 1861. After that it gradually decreased, chiefly owing to emigration, to 27,911 in 1911. The density is about fifty to the square mile. 11. Agriculture and other Industries