Length to the end of tail, 32-7/8 36 31-1/4 claws, 39-1/4 40-1/2 36 wings, 31-1/4 — 29-3/4 carpal joint, 16-3/4 — 16-1/4 Extent of wings, 57-1/2 52 54-1/2 Wing from flexure, 15-1/2 — 14-1/4 Depth of body, — 6 — Breadth, — 9-1/2 — Bill along the ridge, — 3-4/12 — Gape-line, — 4-1/2 — Tarsus, — 3-5/12 — Hind toe, — 9-1/2 — Its claw, — 2/12 — Outer toe and claw, — 4-1/2 — Middle toe, — 4-1/4 — Inner, — 3-9/12 — Tail, — 29-1/12 — Wing from flexure, — 14-1/2 — Weight, 8-3/4 8-1/2 9 The female is generally smaller, but in all other respects resembles the male. Weight 10 lb. 11 oz. Young in winter. Plate, CCCVI. Fig. 2. Bill pale yellowish-green, the ridge and tip of the upper mandible dusky. Iris brown. Feet dusky externally, pale yellowish flesh-colour internally, webs dusky, but yellow in the middle. Claws yellowish-brown. All the upper parts are of a uniform dark greyish-brown, each feather margined with lighter, the lower parts white; the sides of the neck at the lower part whitish, streaked with dusky; the sides dusky, without spots. Towards spring the eye assumes a redder tint, and the plumage of the upper parts gradually becomes spotted with white; and when the moult is completed about the end of summer, the plumage is as in the adult, although the tints are improved at each successive moult for several years.