Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of AmericaAudubon, John James
Science
Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of America
Audubon, John James
Birds -- North America
Space between the bill and eye, and around the latter, bare. Plumage
soft, thin, and blended. Feathers of the upper and hind part of
the head very long, linear, with loose barbs; of the sides of the
neck loose and inclined obliquely backwards, of its lower part much
elongated, narrow, and tapering to a point; of the middle of the back
extremely long, linear, acuminate, their tips projecting about five
inches beyond the tail. Wings long, and very broad; primaries broad,
tapering, and rounded, the first, second and third almost equal, the
latter being only a twelfth of an inch longer; secondaries broad and
rounded; some of the inner only half an inch shorter than the longest
primary, when the wing is closed. Tail very short, small, even, of
twelve rather weak feathers.
Bill ultramarine blue at the base, gradually shaded into black towards
the point; the bare space between it and the eye, as well as the edges
of the eyelids, ultramarine. Iris pale yellow. Legs, tarsi, toes,
and claws, black. Head and neck of a rich deep purple, inclining to
vinaceous; the lower part of the neck and all the other parts deep
greyish-blue, the edges of the feathers lighter.
Length to end of tail 24-1/2 inches, to end of wings 25, to end of
elongated dorsal feathers 26-1/2, to end of claws 30-3/4; wing from
flexure 11-1/2; tail 4-2/12; extent of wings 42; bill along the ridge
3-4/12 along the edge of lower mandible 4; bare part of tibia 2-2/12;
tarsus 3-5/12; first toe 11/12, its claw 2/12; middle toe 2-1/4, its
claw 7/12. Weight 1 lb.
The female is similar to the male, but smaller. Weight 11 oz.
The young are at first sparely covered with yellowish-white down. When
a fortnight old, the bill is yellow, with the tips greenish-black; the
feet greenish-yellow, the claws dusky, with the tips greyish-yellow.
The general colour of the plumage is pure white, but the down which
tips the feathers of the head is brownish-white; two of the alular
feathers are tinged with dull bluish-grey, and the outer seven or eight
primaries are broadly margined on both sides to the length of about an
inch and a half with the same colour of a deeper tint, the extreme tip
white.
When fully fledged, the bare parts at the base of the bill, and the
basal half of the upper mandible, are light greenish-blue, the rest
black; the lower mandible yellow, with a patch of black, an inch and
a quarter in length on each side at the end. Legs, tarsi, and toes
greenish-blue, the sides yellowish; claws dusky. The feathers of the
head are slightly elongated; those of the back are also elongated, but
much broader and shorter than in the adult. The feathers on the upper
part of the head are of a faint bluish-grey; and the alular feathers
and eight outer primaries are tinged with the same colour. At this
period, the length to the end of the tail is 22 inches, to end of claws
28-1/2; bill along the ridge 2-7/8; wing from flexure 11; tail 4-2/12.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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