5. =There was a new hope, that of a Mes-si'ah.= From the time of the captivity the Jew'ish people looked forward with eager expectation to the coming of a Deliverer, the Consolation of Is'ra-el, the "Anointed One" (the word Mes-si'ah means "anointed"), who should lift up his people from the dust, exalt the throne of Da'vid, and establish an empire over all the nations. This had been promised by prophets for centuries before the exile, but only then did it begin to shine as the great hope of the people. It grew brighter with each generation, and finally appeared in the coming of Je'sus Christ, the King of Is'ra-el. 6. From the captivity there =were two parts of the Jew'ish people=: the Jews of Pal'es-tine, and the Jews of the dispersion, 1.) The Jews of Pal'es-tine, sometimes called He'brews (Acts 6. 1), were the lesser in number, who lived in their own land and maintained the Jew'ish state. 2.) The Jews of the dispersion were the descendants of those who did not return after the decree of Cy'rus (Ezra 1. 1), but remained in foreign lands and gradually formed Jew'ish "quarters" in all the cities of the ancient world. They were the larger in number, and later were called "Gre'cian Jews," or Hellenists, from the language which they used (Acts 6. 1). Between these two bodies there was a close relation. The Jews of the dispersion had synagogues in every city (Acts 15. 6), were devoted to the law, made constant pilgrimages to Je-ru'sa-lem, and were recognized as having one hope with the Jews of Pal'es-tine. The traits of the two bodies were different, but each contributed its own elements toward the making of a great people. Blackboard Outline IV. =Con. Cap.= 1. Kin. tre. 2. Org. main. 3. La. wor. obs. 4. Ins. pro. tea. 5. Lit. pre. enl. V. =Res. Cap.= 1. Ch. Ian. 2. Ch. hab. 3. Ch. char. 4. Ne. ins. (syn. scr.) 5. Hop. Mess. 6. Two. par. peo. Review Questions How were the captive Jews treated? What evidences show that their national organization was continued during the captivity? Why was this fact a fortunate one for the exiles? What customs of the Jews were observed during the captivity? What instructors did the Jews have during this period? What was the condition of Jew'ish literature during the captivity? What events followed the decree of Cy'rus? Did all the exiles of the Jews return? What change in language was wrought by the captivity? What change in habits followed the captivity? What great change in religion came as the result of the captivity? How can that change be accounted for? What two institutions arose during the captivity? What new hope arose at this time? How were the Jews divided after the captivity? FIFTEENTH STUDY The Jewish Province PART ONE