Parasites: A Treatise on the Entozoa of Man and Animals: Including Some Account of the EctozoaCobbold, T. Spencer (Thomas Spencer)
Science
Parasites: A Treatise on the Entozoa of Man and Animals: Including Some Account of the Ectozoa
Cobbold, T. Spencer (Thomas Spencer)
Helminths; Parasites
“Body lanceolate, anterior and posterior extremities pointed, the latter
obtusely. Surface covered with minute spines or hairs. Average length
3/8″ (three eighths of an inch); average breadth 1/10″. ‘Ventral’ sucker
slightly smaller than ‘oral.’ Reproductive papilla or genital orifice
placed a little above and to one side of the former. Alimentary canal
double and unbranched. Uterine folds and ovary placed in the median
line, and above the male generative organs, the latter consisting of two
very distinct globular bodies or testes. Ova of the usual type, _i. e._
oval in outline, having a double contour, and granular contents; average
length, 1/750″; average breadth, 1/1333″. The only point of note is that
the average length of these flukes is greater than that of the same
species found by the authors above referred to. The _D. conjunctum_ in
the American fox, and in the pariah dog, has an average length of 1/4″;
only two or three specimens of this size were found in this liver, and
these showed evidences of immaturity; a few were found 1/2″ in length;
but the great majority exactly 3/8″. The anatomical characters are
otherwise precisely identical.”
Professor McConnell concludes his communication by a remark in reference
to the common source of infection shared by mankind and dogs in India.
The occurrence, however, of this entozoon in an American red fox points
to a very wide geographical distribution of the species. It is hardly
likely that the fox, though dying in the London Zoological Society’s
Menagerie, should have contracted the parasite in England. In the second
half of this work I shall reproduce my original drawing (fig. 56) from
the ‘Linnean Transactions;’ but I may refer to my Manual (quoted below)
for a reproduction of McConnell’s figure. In my original specimens the
integumentary spines had fallen, probably as a result of post-mortem
decomposition.
BIBLIOGRAPHY (No. 7).--_Cobbold, T. S._, “Synopsis of the Distomidæ” (l.
c.), 1859; and in “Further Observations on Entozoa, with experiments,”
‘Linn. Trans.,’ vol. xxiii (tab. 33, p. 349), 1860.--_Idem_, “List
of Entozoa, including Pentastomes, from animals dying at the Zool.
Soc. Menagerie between the years 1857-60,” ‘Proceed. Zool. Soc.,’
1861.--_Idem_, ‘Entozoa,’ p. 20, pl. ii, 1864; and in “Manual
of the Internal Parasites of our Domesticated Animals,” p. 81,
1873.--_Lewis, T. R._, and _Cunningham, D. D._, in a footnote to their
‘Microscopical and Physiological Researches,’ Appendix C., ‘Eighth Ann.
Rep. of the San. Comm. with the Govt. of India,’ p. 168, Calcutta,
1872.--_McConnell, J. F. P._, “On the _Distoma conjunctum_,” in the
‘Lancet’ for 1875-76, quoted above; reprinted in the ‘Veterinarian,’
1876; also (a second case) in the ‘Lancet’ for March 30th, 1878, p. 476.
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