Pleasures of the telescope: An Illustrated Guide for Amateur Astronomers and a Popular Description of the Chief Wonders of the Heavens for General ReadersServiss, Garrett Putman
Science
Pleasures of the telescope: An Illustrated Guide for Amateur Astronomers and a Popular Description of the Chief Wonders of the Heavens for General Readers
Retaining map No. 13 as our guide, we examine the western part of the
constellation Capricornus. Its leader alpha is a naked-eye double, the
two stars being a little more than 6' apart. Their magnitudes are three
and four, and both have a yellowish hue. The western star is alpha^1,
and is the fainter of the two. The other is designated as alpha^2. Both
are double. The components of alpha^1 are of magnitudes four and eight
and a half, distance 44", p. 220 deg.. With the Washington twenty-six-inch
telescope a third star of magnitude fourteen has been found at a
distance of 40", p. 182 deg.. In alpha^2 the magnitudes of the components
are three and ten and a half, distance 7.4", p. 150 deg.. The smaller star
has a companion of the twelfth or thirteenth magnitude, distance 1.2",
p. 240 deg.. This, of course, is hopelessly beyond our reach. Yet another
star of magnitude nine, distance 154", p. 156, we may see easily.
Dropping down to beta, we find it to be a most beautiful and easy
double, possessing finely contrasted colors, gold and blue. The larger
star is of magnitude three, and the smaller, the blue one, of magnitude
six, distance 205", p. 267 deg.. Between them there is a very faint star
which larger telescopes than ours divide into two, each of magnitude
eleven and a half; separated 3", p. 325 deg..
Still farther south and nearly in a line drawn from alpha through beta
we find a remarkable group of double stars, sigma, pi, rho, and omicron.
The last three form a beautiful little triangle. We begin with sigma,
the faintest of the four. The magnitudes of its components are six and
nine, distance 54", p. 177 deg.. In pi the magnitudes are five and nine,
distance 3.4", p. 145 deg.; in rho, magnitudes five and eight, distance
3.8", p. 177 deg. (a third star of magnitude seven and a half is seen at a
distance of 4', p. 150 deg.); in omicron, magnitudes six and seven, distance
22", p. 240 deg..
The star cluster 4608 is small, yet, on a moonless night, worth a glance
with the five-inch.
[Illustration: MAP NO. 14.]
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